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Next-generation vaccines for influenza B virus: advancements and challenges.
Arch Virol
January 2025
CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Pathogen Discovery and Big Data Platform, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yueyang Road 320, Shanghai, 200031, China.
To battle seasonal outbreaks of influenza B virus infection, which continue to pose a major threat to world health, new and improved vaccines are urgently needed. In this article, we discuss the current state of next-generation influenza B vaccine development, including both advancements and challenges. This review covers the shortcomings of existing influenza vaccines and stresses the need for more-effective and broadly protective vaccines and more-easily scalable manufacturing processes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQuantifying the impact of pre-vaccination titre and vaccination history on influenza vaccine immunogenicity.
Vaccine
January 2025
Center of Mathematical Modelling of Infectious Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Article Synopsis
- Epidemiological studies show that factors like pre-vaccination immune status, age, gender, and vaccination history affect how people respond to influenza vaccines, but results vary across different studies.* -
- A new Bayesian model was created to analyze the relationships between these host factors and antibody responses after vaccination, revealing that pre-vaccination antibody levels and vaccination history significantly affect post-vaccine antibody dynamics.* -
- The findings suggest that individuals who have been vaccinated less frequently and have lower pre-vaccination antibody levels experience longer durations of effective protection (seroprotection) from the vaccine, with notable differences observed in antibody response to different influenza subtypes.*
Commercial Day-Old Chicks in Nigeria Are Potential Reservoirs of Colistin- and Tigecycline-Resistant Potentially Pathogenic .
Antibiotics (Basel)
November 2024
Department of Livestock and Pasture Science, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
Frequent use of colistin (COL) and tetracyclines in the Nigerian poultry sector potentially triggers bacterial resistance against COL and tigecycline (TIG), which are last-line antibiotics used to treat multidrug-resistant infections. This study aimed to isolate COL- and TIG-resistant . from commercial day-old chicks distributed to poultry farmers in Nsukka Southeastern Nigeria, assess the production of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and carbapenemase by the isolates, and establish their pathogenic potentials.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) is the only known coronavirus affecting pigs and is widespread; understanding its genetic traits is crucial for disease prevention and control.
- In a study conducted in Guangxi, China, 6,986 samples were collected from 2021 to 2024, revealing a 2.81% positivity rate, with higher rates in nasopharyngeal swabs than tissue samples.
- Genetic analysis showed significant homology among viral genes, indicating evolutionary diversity, with PHEV strains from Guangxi belonging to specific subgroups and demonstrating complex evolutionary paths since their emergence.
Ethnic diversity in Chilean blood groups: A comprehensive analysis of genotypes, phenotypes, alleles and the immunogenic potential of antigens in northern, southern and central regions.
Vox Sang
December 2024
Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Blood Groups, UNICAMP, Sao Paulo, Campinas, Brazil.
Background And Objectives: The available information on blood groups in the Chilean population is derived from studies on aboriginal cohorts and routine serological test results. The purpose of this study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of genotypes, phenotypes and blood group alleles in donors from northern, central and southern Chile using molecular methods.
Materials And Methods: Overall, 850 samples from donors in northern, central and southern Chile were genotyped.
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