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Substrate-Induced Structural Dynamics and Evolutionary Linkage of Siderophore-Iron ABC Transporters of .
Medicina (Kaunas)
November 2024
Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Hail, Hail 55476, Hail, Saudi Arabia.
: ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are prominent drug targets due to their highly efficient trafficking capabilities and their significant physiological and clinical roles. Gaining insight into their biophysical and biomechanistic properties is crucial to maximize their pharmacological potential. : In this study, we present the biochemical and biophysical characterization, and phylogenetic analysis of the domains of () ABC transporters: the exporter Rv1348 (IrtA) and the importer system Rv1349-Rv2895c (IrtB-Rv2895c), both involved in siderophore-mediated iron uptake.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAre Changes Occurring in Bacterial Taxa Community and Diversity with the Utilization of Different Substrates within SIR Measurements?
Microorganisms
October 2024
The Mina & Everard Goodman Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat Gan 5290002, Israel.
This research explores how the availability of substrates affects the regulation of soil microbial communities and the taxonomical composition of bacteria. The goal is to understand the impact of organic matter and substrate availability and quality on the diversity of soil bacteria. The study observed gradual changes in bacterial diversity in response to the addition of different substrate-induced respiration (SIR) substrates.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGrowth media change Eisenia fetida epithelium thickness: implications for improving earthworm welfare in vermicomposting systems.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
November 2024
Departamento de Ecología y Biología Animal, Universidad de Vigo, 36310, Vigo, Spain.
Because the earthworm tegument represents their first barrier against environmental aggressions, we hypothesised that substrate-induced changes in earthworm growth would also alter the morphology of this protective layer. Therefore, a histological and morphometric study was performed on Eisenia fetida specimens that have been grown in five different organic residues: cow manure, horse manure, grape marc, coffee grounds, and a mixture of coffee grounds and cooking oil. The results showed that, across all treatments, both cuticle and epidermis were significantly thicker in the pre-clitellar region than after the clitellum, attributed to the fact that the former region is responsible for breaking up the soil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElucidating Thermothielavioides terrestris secretome changes for improved saccharification of mild steam-pretreated spruce.
Biotechnol Biofuels Bioprod
October 2024
Division of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Kemivägen 10, 412 96, Gothenburg, Sweden.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how the fungus Thermothielavioides terrestris LPH172 interacts with different types of steam-pretreated spruce materials and untreated biomass, exploring how these substrates influence the production of enzymes in the fungus.
- Results show that the type of spruce material affects the expression of specific enzymes, with higher levels of mannanases produced when grown on certain pretreated materials compared to untreated biomass.
- Supplementing standard commercial enzyme mixtures with the secretome from T. terrestris significantly enhanced the efficiency of mannose release from treated spruce, indicating its potential to improve biorefinery processes.
Elucidating the Substrate Envelope of Enterovirus 68-3C Protease: Structural Basis of Specificity and Potential Resistance.
Viruses
September 2024
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biotechnology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Enterovirus-D68 (EV68) is a growing global health threat, causing severe infections that can lead to long-term neurological issues and fatalities, with no FDA-approved antiviral treatments currently available.
- Researchers are investigating small molecule inhibitors that target the EV68-3C protease's active site, aiming to reduce the risk of drug resistance by understanding substrate specificity.
- The study utilized molecular modeling and co-crystal structures to determine the substrate specificity of EV68-3C protease, revealing how it interacts with viral peptides and calculating a substrate envelope to better understand how existing inhibitors might work and predict possible resistance mutations.
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