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Pituitary
January 2025
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Sheehan syndrome (SS) is postpartum pituitary necrosis leading to severe hypopituitarism. Severe bleeding during delivery and postpartum period results in ischemic necrosis of the enlarged pituitary gland during pregnancy. The improved obstetrical care decreased the incidence of SS significantly, however SS should always be kept in mind in the etiologies of hypopitutarism in women which can be easily recognized by medical history of the patient.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Prev Alzheimers Dis
February 2025
Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Indonesia/Dr Sardjto General Hospital Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Dementia, is a critical global public health challenge with no effective pharmacological treatments. Recent research highlights the significant role of lifestyle interventions, particularly physical activity and dietary habits, in mitigating cognitive decline among the elderly and preventing the progression to dementia in individuals with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). This comprehensive review explores the impact of physical exercise and dietary approaches on cognitive health, comparing strategies adopted in Western and Asian countries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Prev Alzheimers Dis
February 2025
Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA; School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.
Background: Recent disease-modifying treatments for Alzheimer's disease show promise to slow cognitive decline, but show no efficacy towards reducing symptoms already manifested.
Objectives: To investigate the efficacy of a novel noninvasive brain stimulation technique in modulating cognitive functioning in Alzheimer's dementia (AD).
Design: Pilot, randomized, double-blind, parallel, sham-controlled study SETTING: Clinical research site at UT Southwestern Medical Center PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-five participants with clinical diagnoses of AD were enrolled from cognition specialty clinics.
J Immunother Cancer
January 2025
Section of Nephrology, Division of Internal Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy is a cornerstone treatment for many cancers, but it can induce severe immunotoxicity, including acute interstitial nephritis (AIN). Currently, kidney biopsy is required to differentiate ICI-AIN from other causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). However, this invasive approach can lead to morbidity, delayed glucocorticoid treatment for patients with AIN, and unnecessarily prolonged suspension of ICI therapy in non-AIN patients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Vasc Surg
January 2025
Institute of Cardiac and Aortic Disorders, SRM Institutes for Medical Science (SIMS Hospitals), Chennai, India.
Background: Nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI), a subtype of acute mesenteric ischemia, is primarily caused by mesenteric arterial vasoconstriction and decreased vascular resistance, leading to impaired intestinal perfusion.Commonly observed after cardiac surgery, NOMI affects older patients with cardiovascular or systemic diseases, accounting for 20-30% of acute mesenteric ischemia cases with a mortality rate of ∼50%. This review explores NOMI's pathophysiology, clinical implications in aortic dissection, and the unmet needs in diagnosis and management, emphasizing its prognostic significance.
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