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Second Law of Thermodynamics without Einstein Relation.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Tel Aviv University, School of Mechanical Engineering and Center for Physics and Chemistry of Living Systems, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.
Materials that are constantly driven out of thermodynamic equilibrium, such as active and living systems, typically violate the Einstein relation. This may arise from active contributions to particle fluctuations which are unrelated to the dissipative resistance of the surrounding medium. We show that in these cases the widely used relation between informatic entropy production and heat dissipation does not hold.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWe theoretically calculate the coupling loss between single-mode fibers (SMFs) and polymer optical waveguides with different refractive index profiles. Temperature resistance is one of the concerns when integrating polymer optical waveguides near the electronics and photonics chips where they are highly likely to dissipate heat. Hence, the calculation focuses on the core size variations due to changes in operating temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsefulness of subtraction thermography in the evaluation of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels in the dental pulp.
Acta Bioeng Biomech
June 2024
4Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Preclinical Dentistry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
: Caries or iatrogenic thermal trauma of the teeth have a significant impact on the dental pulp structure connected with stimulation of angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Therefore, the aim of the study was to identify the difference in the rate of heat dissipation by vessels present in the dental pulp. : Freshly extracted healthy ( = 10) and carious ( = 14) molars and premolars were cut on a diamond saw and subjected to active thermographic examination and then subjected to lymphoscintigraphy and X-ray examination.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular dynamics work on thermal conductivity of SiGe nanotubes.
J Mol Model
January 2025
School of Mechanics and Safety Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, People's Republic of China.
Context: SiGe nanotubes (SiGeNTs) hold significant promise for applications in nanosolar cells, optoelectronic systems, and interconnects, where thermal conductivity is critical to performance. This study investigates the effects of length, diameter, temperature, and axial strain on the thermal conductivity of armchair and zigzag SiGeNTs through molecular dynamics simulations. Results indicate that thermal conductivity increases with sample length due to ballistic heat transport and decreases with temperature as phonon scattering intensifies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioinspired Superwettability Surface Strategies for Condensation Heat Transfer.
ACS Nano
January 2025
Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
Along with the development of miniaturization, integration, and high power of electronic chips in the 5G and artificial intelligence era and their urgent need for technologies enabled to solve high heat flux dissipation in limited space, investigating bioinspired extreme superwettability surfaces with high-efficiency condensation heat transfer (CHT) performance has attracted great interest in academic and industrial communities. Compared with filmwise condensation of flat hydrophilic surfaces featured with continuous liquid films, dropwise condensation of flat hydrophobic surfaces is a more efficient type of energy transport way. However, discrete condensate drops can only shed off the hydrophobic flat surfaces under gravity until their sizes reach the capillary length of liquid, e.
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