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Serotonin Receptors Polymorphisms Are Associated With Cyclic Vomiting Syndrome.
Neurogastroenterol Motil
January 2025
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
Background: Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder characterized by sudden, recurrent episodes of severe nausea and vomiting. The pathophysiology of CVS is not known but genetic factors that regulate emetic neurocircuitry have been proposed. The aim of this study was to investigate whether different variations in genes encoding serotonin receptors (HTRs) are associated with susceptibility to CVS and/or CVS symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Links Ingestion, Homeostasis, and the Heart.
Compr Physiol
February 2025
Physiology and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a hormone released from enteroendocrine cells in the distal small and large intestines in response to nutrients and other stimuli, not only controls eating and insulin release, but is also involved in drinking control as well as renal and cardiovascular functions. Moreover, GLP-1 functions as a central nervous system peptide transmitter, produced by preproglucagon (PPG) neurons in the hindbrain. Intestinal GLP-1 inhibits eating by activating vagal sensory neurons directly, via GLP-1 receptors (GLP-1Rs), but presumably also indirectly, by triggering the release of serotonin from enterochromaffin cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnti-platelet factor 4 antibody-mediated disorders: an updated narrative review.
Semin Thromb Hemost
January 2025
of Medicine, Universita degli Studi di Padova Scuola di Medicina e Chirurgia, Padova, Italy.
Anti-platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibody-mediated disorders are a heterogenous group of diseases characterized by the presence of highly pathogenic immunoglobulins G directed against PF4 and/or PF4/heparin complexes. These antibodies are able to activate platelets, neutrophils and monocytes, thus resulting in thrombocytopenia and a hypercoagulable state. Five different forms of anti-PF4 antibody-mediated disorders have been identified: i) classic heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (cHIT) mediated by heparin and certain polyanionic drugs; ii) autoimmune HIT (aHIT) characterized by the presence of anti-PFA/polyanion antibodies that can strongly activate platelets even in the absence of heparin; iii) spontaneous HIT (spHIT) characterized by thrombocytopenia and thrombosis without proximate exposure to heparin, with two subtypes: (a) post-total knee arthroplasty, and cardiac surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass or extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and (b) post-infections; iv) vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) characterized by thrombocytopenia, arterial and venous thrombosis, or secondary hemorrhage after receiving adenoviral vector vaccines for COVID-19; v) VITT-like disorders triggered by adenoviral infections.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe association between gestational selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) treatment and newborn thyroid screen: a large-scale cohort study.
BMC Pediatr
January 2025
Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Dana Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, 6 Weizmann Street, 6423906, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Background: The diagnosis of depression or anxiety treated by SSRIs has become relatively common in women of childbearing age. However, the impact of gestational SSRI treatment on newborn thyroid function is lacking. We explored the impact of gestational SSRI treatment on newborn thyroid function as measured by the National Newborn Screening (NBS) Program and identified contributory factors.
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