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The Goiânia incident, the semiotics of danger, and the next 10,000 years.
Clin Toxicol (Phila)
July 2023
The Poison Center of Oregon, AK, and Guam, Portland, OR, USA.
The GoiÂnia Incident: In September 1987, two men in Goiânia, Brazil, discovered an abandoned international standard capsule containing less than 100 g of cesium-137 chloride. The material was unguarded, and the warning systems were inadequate and inscrutable. The men took the capsule and sold it for scrap, and within days the city would be contaminated with highly radioactive material.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProspects for fungal bioremediation of unburied waste packages from the Goiânia radiological accident.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int
March 2023
Instituto de Pesquisas Energéticas E Nucleares, IPEN/CNEN, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 2242, São Paulo, SP, 05508-000, Brazil.
Goiânia, the Goiás State capital, starred in 1987, where one of the largest radiological accidents in the world happened. A teletherapy machine was subtracted from a derelict radiotherapy clinic and disassembled by scavengers who distributed fragments of the 50 TBq CsCl source among relatives and acquaintances, enchanted by the blue shine of the substance. During the 15 days before the accident was acknowledged, contaminated recycling materials were delivered to recycling factories in four cities in the state of São Paulo, Brazil, in the form of recycling paper bales.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdjuvant radiotherapy in early stage endometrial cancer.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992)
February 2012
Department of Tocogynecology, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Objective: To compare the rates of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and toxicity in different techniques of postoperative radiotherapy for stage IA endometrioid adenocarcionoma of endometrium, histological grades 1and 2.
Methods: A historical comparison between treatment regimens was performed, and 133 women with a minimum follow-up of 5 years were included. Teletherapy (TELE group), with 22 patients treated from 1988 to 1996, with a 10 MV linear accelerator, average dose 46.
Brachytherapy for stage IIIB squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix: survival and toxicity.
Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992)
September 2011
Seção de Radioterapia, Departamento de Tocoginecologia, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP.
Objective: To compare survival and toxicity of three different treatments for stage IIIB cervix cancer: low-dose-rate (LDR), high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy and association of HDR and chemotherapy.
Methods: Between 1985 and 2005, 230 patients with FIGO stage IIIB squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix received 4-field pelvic teletherapy at doses between 40 and 50.4 Gy, with a different complementation in each group.
Radiometric survey of teletherapy treatment rooms in Brazil.
Radiat Prot Dosimetry
March 2010
Serviço de Física Médica em Radioterapia e Medicina Nuclear, Instituto de Radioproteção e Dosimetria, Comissão Nacional de Energia Nuclear - IRD/CNEN, Av. Salvador Allende s/n, Recreio dos Bandeirantes, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22780-160, Brazil.
The Brazilian national regulatory authority, National Commission of Nuclear Energy, requires that dose rates in the vicinity of teletherapy treatment rooms do not exceed the permissible limits for workers as well as members of the public, depending on the place considered. At the end of 2005, the Brazilian national regulatory authority reduced the permissible dose limit for controlled areas from 1000 to 400 microSv week(-1). Therefore, the aim of this work is to verify the adequacy of structural shielding to this new limit for telecobalt units that had their sources changed and clinic linear accelerators (ALs) installed before the end of 2005.
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