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Gastroesophageal Reflux in Infants and Children: Diagnosis and Treatment.
Am Fam Physician
January 2025
Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, N.C.
Gastroesophageal reflux is a common physiologic event in infants in which gastric contents pass from the stomach into the esophagus. Gastroesophageal reflux may be asymptomatic or cause regurgitation or "spit up." This occurs daily in approximately 40% of infants.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPD-L1 as a Biomarker in Gastric Cancer Immunotherapy.
J Gastric Cancer
January 2025
Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Combining chemotherapy with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) that target the programmed death-1 (PD-1) protein has been shown to be a clinically effective first-line treatment for human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-negative and -positive advanced or metastatic gastric cancer (GC). Currently, PD-1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy are the standard treatment for patients with HER2-negative/positive locally advanced or metastatic GC. Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression, as assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC), is a crucial biomarker for predicting response to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 agents in various solid tumors, including GC.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUSP7 Inhibitors Destabilize EBNA1 and Suppress Epstein-Barr Virus Tumorigenesis.
J Med Virol
January 2025
The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous human ɣ-herpesvirus implicated in various malignancies, including Burkitt's lymphoma and gastric carcinomas. In most EBV-associated cancers, the viral genome is maintained as an extrachromosomal episome by the EBV nuclear antigen-1 (EBNA1). EBNA1 is considered to be a highly stable protein that interacts with the ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMizagliflozin ameliorates diabetes induced kidney injury by inhibitor inhibit inflammation and oxidative stress.
World J Diabetes
January 2025
Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou 362000, Fujian Province, China.
Background: Mizagliflozin (MIZ) is a specific inhibitor of sodium-glucose cotransport protein 1 (SGLT1) originally developed as a medication for diabetes.
Aim: To explore the impact of MIZ on diabetic nephropathy (DN).
Methods: Diabetic mice were created using db/db mice.
Therapeutic regimens against infection without proton pump inhibitors in patients with corpus atrophic gastritis: a real-life single-centre longitudinal observational study.
Therap Adv Gastroenterol
January 2025
Digestive Disease Unit, Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sant'Andrea Teaching Hospital, Sapienza University of Rome, via di Grottarossa 1035, Rome 00189, Italy.
Background: Efficacy of eradication regimens in (Hp) infection is commonly reported with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs). In patients with corpus atrophic gastritis, characterized by impaired acid secretion, PPI treatment is questionable.
Objectives: The current study aimed to assess in clinical practice the tolerability and eradication rate of modified eradication regimens without PPI as first-line treatment in patients with histologically Hp-positive corpus atrophic gastritis.
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