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Temporal impacts of diverse concentrations of pilocarpine ophthalmic solution on human accommodation.

Clin Exp Optom

January 2025

Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Clinical Relevance: Accommodation is crucial for clear near vision and is predominantly affected by presbyopia. The ability to modulate accommodative function with eye drops could offer a pharmacological approach to manage presbyopia.

Background: To investigate the effects of different concentrations of pilocarpine eye drops on ocular accommodation in young volunteers.

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Hyperalgesic priming is a model system that has been widely used to understand plasticity in painful stimulus-detecting sensory neurons, called nociceptors. A key feature of this model system is that following priming, stimuli that do not normally cause hyperalgesia now readily provoke this state. We hypothesized that hyperalgesic priming occurs because of reorganization of translation of mRNA in nociceptors.

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Characterization of Optokinetic Nystagmus in Healthy Participants With a Novel Oculography Device.

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg

January 2025

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Objective: To develop a proof-of-concept smart-phone-based eye-tracking algorithm to assess non-pathologic optokinetic (OKN) nystagmus in healthy participants. Current videonystagmography (VNG) is typically restricted to in-office use, and advances in portable vestibular diagnostics would yield immense public health benefits.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

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Measuring implicit associations with behaviours to improve resident mood: development of implicit association tasks for nursing home care providers.

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Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Research Institute for Medical Innovation, Radboudumc Alzheimer Center, Geert Grooteplein 21, 6525 EZ Nijmegen, the Netherlands.

Objective: To develop and evaluate instruments for measuring implicit associations of nursing home care providers with behaviours aimed at improving resident mood.

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Feature-selective adaptation of numerosity perception.

Proc Biol Sci

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Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.

Perceptual adaptation has been widely used to infer the existence of numerosity detectors, enabling animals to quickly estimate the number of objects in a scene. Here, we investigated, in humans, whether numerosity adaptation is influenced by stimulus feature changes as previous research suggested that adaptation is reduced when the colour of adapting and test stimuli did not match. We tested whether such adaptation reduction is due to unspecific novelty effects or changes of stimuli identity.

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