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Article Synopsis
  • Microneedles and low-frequency ultrasound are two methods used to enhance drug penetration through the skin, and this study compares their effectiveness using the drug tetramethylpyrazine hydrochloride (TMPH).
  • In laboratory experiments with rat skin, results showed that vibrating microneedles significantly increased TMPH permeability, achieving up to a 41.92-fold increase with optimal settings.
  • Although low-frequency ultrasound also enhanced TMPH penetration, it only produced a 4.34-fold increase under specific conditions, indicating that vibrating microneedles are the more effective method for transdermal drug delivery.
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Objective: This study aimed to investigate the effects of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) phonophoresis with diclofenac on inflammation and pain in the acute phase of carrageenan-induced arthritis in rats.

Design: 60 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into the arthritis, diclofenac, LIPUS, phonophoresis, and sham-arthritis control groups. LIPUS and transdermal diclofenac gel were applied to the lateral side of the inflamed knee for 7 days, initiated postinjection day 1.

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using methylene blue (MB) as a photosensitizer has emerged as an alternative treatment for skin cancers, such as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). To increase the cutaneous penetration of the drug, some strategies are used, such as the association of nanocarriers and physical methods. Thus, herein we address the development of nanoparticles based on poly-Ɛ-caprolactone (PCL), optimized with the Box-Behnken factorial design, for topical application of MB associated with sonophoresis.

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Formulation and Evaluation of Diclofenac Potassium Gel in Sports Injuries with and without Phonophoresis.

Gels

September 2022

Departments of Internal Medicine and Nanomedicine, California Innovations Corporation, San Diego, CA 92037, USA.

Pain remains a global public heath priority. , also known as sonophoresis or ultrasonophoresis, is when an ultrasound is used to maximize the effects of a topical drug. The objective of this study was to test, in patients injured in sports or accidents (N = 200), the efficacy of diclofenac potassium (DK) 6%, 4%, and 2% formulated gels with and without phonophoresis in comparison with market available standard diclofenac sodium (DS or DN) gel.

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Enhancement of the transdermal delivery of zidovudine by pretreating the skin with two physical enhancers: microneedles and sonophoresis.

Daru

December 2021

División de Estudios de Posgrado (Tecnología Farmacéutica), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Cuautitlán, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. 1o de Mayo s/n, 54740, Cuautitlán Izcalli, Estado de México, Mexico.

Background: Zidovudine (AZT) has been the most widely used drug for antiretroviral therapy. In order to improve the therapy with this drug, different alternatives have been proposed, such as the transdermal administration. The use of permeation enhancers is necessary to favor the passage of this drug through the skin, due to its physicochemical properties and to the natural permeation barrier imposed by the skin.

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