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Interplay of Light, Melatonin, and Circadian Genes in Skin Pigmentation Regulation.
Pigment Cell Melanoma Res
January 2025
Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Circadian regulation of skin pigmentation is essential for thermoregulation, ultraviolet (UV) protection, and synchronization of skin cell renewal. This regulation involves both cell-autonomous photic responses and non-cell-autonomous hormonal control, particularly through melatonin produced in a light-sensitive manner. Photosensitive opsins, cryptochromes, and melatonin regulate circadian rhythms in skin pigment cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMorphological evidence for a new species of the Genus Cosmocercoides Wilkie, 1930 (Ascaridida: Cosmocercidae) from Iranian toads (Bufotes surdus).
Vet Res Commun
January 2025
Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, P.O. Box: 9177948974, Iran.
Background/objective: There is little data on infections of the genus Cosmocercoides Wilkie, 1930 in toad populations in Iran. Hence, the present study aims to report the first morphological description of the new genus Cosmocercoides Wilkie, 1930 (Ascaridida: Cosmocercidae) in Iranian toads (Bufotes surdus).
Methods: During the helminthological survey from October 2023 to December 2023, 10 specimens of Bufotes surdus were collected.
Quantitative proteomics of regenerating and non-regenerating spinal cords in Xenopus.
Dev Biol
March 2025
School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Biomedical Sciences Building, Newcastle Road, Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland. Electronic address:
Spinal cord injury in humans is a life-changing condition with no effective treatment. However, many non-mammalian vertebrates can fully regenerate their spinal cord after injury. Frogs such as Xenopus can regenerate the spinal cord at larval stages, but lose this capacity at metamorphosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFrog Fibres: What Muscle Architecture Can Tell Us About Anuran Locomotor Function.
J Morphol
January 2025
Centre for Integrative Anatomy, Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London, Bloomsbury, London, UK.
Muscle fibre architecture is an important aspect of anatomy to consider when estimating muscle properties. How fibre architecture varies across species specialising in different locomotor functions is not well understood in anurans, due to difficulties associated with fibre extraction in small animals using traditional methods. This paper presents the first digital analysis of fibre architecture in frogs using an automated fibre-tracking algorithm and contrast-enhanced µCT scans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMarcks and Marcks-like 1 proteins promote spinal cord development and regeneration in .
Elife
December 2024
School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland.
Marcks and Marcksl1 are abundant proteins that shuttle between the cytoplasm and membrane to modulate multiple cellular processes, including cytoskeletal dynamics, proliferation, and secretion. Here, we performed loss- and gain-of-function experiments in to reveal the novel roles of these proteins in spinal cord development and regeneration. We show that Marcks and Marcksl1 have partly redundant functions and are required for normal neurite formation and proliferation of neuro-glial progenitors during embryonic spinal cord development and for its regeneration during tadpole stages.
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