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Semi-field experiments reveal contrasted predation and movement patterns of aquatic macroinvertebrate predators of Anopheles gambiae larvae.
Malar J
January 2025
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Kreuzstrasse 2, 4123, Allschwil, Switzerland.
Background: Members of the Anopheles gambiae complex are major malaria vectors in sub-Saharan Africa. Their larval stages inhabit a variety of aquatic habitats in which, under natural circumstances, they are preyed upon by different taxa of aquatic macroinvertebrate predators. Understanding the potential impact of predators on malaria vector larval population dynamics is important for enabling integrated local mosquito control programmes with a stronger emphasis on biocontrol approaches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImproved aquila optimizer for swarm-based solutions to complex engineering problems.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Department of Computer Science, College of Computer and Information Sciences, King Saud University, 11543, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
The traditional optimization approaches suffer from certain problems like getting stuck in local optima, low speed, susceptibility to local optima, and searching unknown search spaces, thus requiring reliance on single-based solutions. Herein, an Improved Aquila Optimizer (IAO) is proposed, which is a unique meta-heuristic optimization method motivated by the hunting behavior of Aquila. An improved version of Aquila optimizer seeks to increase effectiveness and productivity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiological relevance and methodological implications of unexpected hearing thresholds in a diving bird.
Sci Rep
December 2024
Deutsches Meeresmuseum, Katharinenberg 14 - 20, 18439, Stralsund, Germany.
Many animals alternate between different media, such as air and water, thanks to specific adaptations. Among birds, penguins (Sphenisciformes) have the most extreme morphological, physiological, and behavioural adaptations to their amphibious lifestyle. Their auditory perception of sound, potentially matching different impedances in air and under water, is largely unknown particularly in terms of whether their underwater adaptations may have affected their in-air hearing capacity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlate tectonics, cold adaptation and long-distance range expansion to remote archipelagos and the high Andes as drivers of a circumantarctic freshwater arthropod radiation.
Mol Phylogenet Evol
December 2024
SNSB-Zoologische Staatssammlung München, Münchhausenstraße 21, D-81247 Munich, Germany; GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Richard-Wagner-Straße 10, D-80333 Munich, Germany.
Disjunct distributions, characterised by spatially separated populations of related species, offer insights into historical biogeographic patterns and evolutionary processes. This study investigates the evolutionary history of the diving beetle subfamily Lancetinae through a phylogenomic approach incorporating ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and heritage genetic markers. Our findings support an early Miocene origin for Lancetinae, with subsequent diversification influenced by historical vicariance events and long-distance dispersal.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative mechanisms for O storage and metabolism in two Florida diving birds: the anhinga (Anhinga anhinga) and the double-crested cormorant (Nannopterum auritum).
J Comp Physiol B
December 2024
Department of Biology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA.
Air-breathing vertebrates face many physiological challenges while breath-hold diving. In particular, they must endure intermittent periods of declining oxygen (O) stores, as well as the need to rapidly replenish depleted O at the surface prior to their next dive. While many species show adaptive increases in the O storage capacity of the blood or muscles, others increase the oxidative capacity of the muscles through changes in mitochondrial arrangement, abundance, or remodeling of key metabolic pathways.
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