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Characterization of primary cilia in different epithelial cells of thyroid gland.

Histochem Cell Biol

November 2024

School of Medicine, Department of Normal and Pathological Cytology and Histology, University of Seville, Av. Sánchez Pizjuán S/N, 41009, Seville, Andalucía, Spain.

The primary cilium (PC) is a biosensor with diverse functions, depending on cellular type. In the thyroid, where it was first described, PCs are located at the apical pole of the follicular epithelium, sensing the lumen's environment. They probably contribute to follicular homeostasis, although their presence in other thyroid epithelial cells remains unclear.

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Vertebrate calcitonin-producing cells (C-cells) are neuroendocrine cells that secrete the small peptide hormone calcitonin in response to elevated blood calcium levels. Whereas mouse C-cells reside within the thyroid gland and derive from pharyngeal endoderm, avian C-cells are located within ultimobranchial glands and have been reported to derive from the neural crest. We use a comparative cell lineage tracing approach in a range of vertebrate model systems to resolve the ancestral embryonic origin of vertebrate C-cells.

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Ultimobranchial body cyst in an adult horse: clinical, histopathologic, and immunohistochemical features.

J Vet Diagn Invest

January 2024

Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.

A 9-y-old Mangalarga Marchador gelding was referred to a veterinary hospital because of a swelling on the upper right side of the neck. Ultrasound examination revealed a multilocular structure adjacent to the thyroid gland with low echogenic content suggestive of fluid. The mass was removed surgically.

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C-cell differentiation in the wall of an aberrant ultimobranchial sinus in the thyroid gland of an old rat.

Vet Med Sci

March 2023

Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Andalucía, Spain.

Background: In mammals, the thyroid gland possesses two types of endocrine cells, follicular cells and C cells, which have different functions but share a similar endodermal origin (although from different regions of the primitive pharynx). Specifically, follicular cells derive from the ventral pharyngeal floor, while C cells derive from the fourth pair of pharyngeal pouches through the ultimobranchial bodies (UBBs). Disruptions to human midline thyroid morphogenesis are relatively frequent and known as thyroid dysgenesis, which is the leading cause of congenital hypothyroidism.

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