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Arteriolar Elasticity Measurement in the Fingertip Based on Photoplethysmographic Volume-Oscillometry: A New Approach to the Assessment of Vasomotor Functions in the Microvasculature.
Cardiovasc Eng Technol
January 2025
Department of Research and Development, Nonprofit Organization of Research Institute of Life Benefit, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 005-0006, Japan.
Purpose: Dysfunction of vasomotor reactions due to arteriolar smooth muscle causes serious adverse events, such as loss of hemodynamic coherence. This in turn can increase risks of cardiovascular-related diseases. A noninvasive and quantitative evaluation of microvascular disorder is therefore very important for early diagnosis and treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFKisspeptin and Neurokinin B: roles in reproductive health.
Physiol Rev
January 2025
Department of Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
Kisspeptin and neurokinin B (NKB) play a key role in several physiological processes including in puberty, adult reproductive function including the menstrual cycle, as well as mediating the symptoms of menopause. Infundibular kisspeptin neurons, which co-express NKB, regulate the activity of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, and thus the physiological pulsatile secretion of GnRH from the hypothalamus. Outside of their hypothalamic reproductive roles, these peptides are implicated in several physiological functions including sexual behavior and attraction, placental function, and bone health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnything but small: Microarousals stand at the crossroad between noradrenaline signaling and key sleep functions.
Neuron
January 2025
Division of Glial Disease and Therapeutics, Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Translational Neuromedicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. Electronic address:
Continuous sleep restores the brain and body, whereas fragmented sleep harms cognition and health. Microarousals (MAs), brief (3- to 15-s-long) wake intrusions into sleep, are clinical markers for various sleep disorders. Recent rodent studies show that MAs during healthy non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep are driven by infraslow fluctuations of noradrenaline (NA) in coordination with electrophysiological rhythms, vasomotor activity, cerebral blood volume, and glymphatic flow.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIschemia during exercise stress testing, an indication of coronary vasomotor dysfunction?
Int J Cardiol Heart Vasc
February 2025
Department of Cardiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Background: Recently it has been suggested that coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) may explain the high false-positive rate of exercise electrocardiographic stress testing (EST). However, patients with angina but non-obstructive coronary artery disease (ANOCA) present with a broader spectrum of coronary vasomotor dysfunction (CVDys), namely coronary artery spasm (CAS), CMD or a combination of both. We aim to investigate the diagnostic value of EST for the entire CVDys spectrum.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFunctional coronary assessment in angina with intermediate coronary stenosis: the #FullPhysiology approach.
Eur Heart J
January 2025
Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Ferrara, Via Aldo Moro 8, 44124 Cona, Italy.
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