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J Neurol
January 2025
Department of Neurology, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
Positional downbeat nystagmus (pDBN) is a common finding in dizzy patients, with etiologies ranging from benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) to central vestibular lesions. Although peripheral pDBN often presents with distinct clinical features that differentiate it from BPPV, diagnosing its etiology can be challenging. A thorough clinical evaluation, including the physical characteristics of the nystagmus, response to positional maneuvers, and neurological findings, is often sufficient to diagnose conditions that provoke pDBN such as anterior canal BPPV, atypical posterior canal BPPV, and central causes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Rep
January 2025
Institute for Antiviral Research, Department of Animal, Dairy, and Veterinary Sciences, Utah State University, Logan, UT, 84321-5600, USA.
Zika virus (ZIKV) causes a variety of peripheral and central nervous system complications leading to neurological symptoms such as limb weakness. We used a mouse model to identify candidate genes potentially involved in causation or recovery from ZIKV-induced acute flaccid paralysis. Using Zikv and Chat chromogenic and fluorescence in situ RNA hybridization, electron microscopy, immunohistochemistry, and ZIKV RT-qPCR, we determined that some paralyzed mice had infected motor neurons, but motor neurons are not reduced in number and the infection was not present in all paralyzed mice; hence infection of motor neurons were not strongly correlated with paralysis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
January 2025
Multiple Sclerosis International Federation, London, UK.
Background: Limited data are available on the global rates of paediatric multiple sclerosis. Here, we report on the estimated worldwide prevalence of paediatric MS.
Methods: We included paediatric prevalence data in 2020-2022 (Multiple Sclerosis International Federation Atlas of MS) and the prevalence of child neurologists (International Child Neurology Association).
Cancer Lett
January 2025
School of Life Sciences, Peking University Third Hospital Cancer Center, Center for Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China; Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, 100730, China. Electronic address:
It has become increasingly recognized that neural signals can profoundly influence the prognosis of various cancer types. In the past years, we have witnessed "cancer neuroscience," which primarily focuses on the complex crosstalk between tumors and neural signals, emerging as a new, multidisciplinary direction of biomedical science. This review aims to summarize the current knowledge of this research frontier, with an emphasis on the neuroimmune mechanisms enacted through the reciprocal interactions between tumors and the central or peripheral nervous system.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Hyg Environ Health
January 2025
Center for Gender-Specific Medicine, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161, Rome, Italy. Electronic address:
The extensive use of pesticides in agriculture significantly enhances crop yields and pest control. However, it also raises concerns regarding environmental and human health impacts. Children are particularly vulnerable to health effects of pesticide exposure, especially for neurological development and reproductive health.
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