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Astrobiology
January 2025
Experimental Biophysics and Space Sciences, Department of Physics, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
The (PSS) experiment was part of the European Space Agency's mission and was conducted on the International Space Station from 2014 to 2016. The PSS experiment investigated the properties of montmorillonite clay as a protective shield against degradation of organic compounds that were exposed to elevated levels of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in space. Additionally, we examined the potential for montmorillonite to catalyze UV-induced breakdown of the amino acid alanine and its potential to trap the resulting photochemical byproducts within its interlayers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
January 2025
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 3, Singapore 117583.
The widespread proliferation and increasing use of portable electronic devices and wearables, and the recent developments in artificial intelligence and internet-of-things, have fuelled the need for high-density and low-voltage non-volatile memory devices. Nanocrystal memory, an emergent non-volatile memory (NVM) device that makes use of the Coulomb blockade effect, can potentially result in the scaling of the tunnel dielectric layer to a very small thickness. Since the nanocrystals are electrically isolated, potential charge leakage paths localized defects in the thin tunnel dielectric can be substantially reduced, unlike that in a continuous polysilicon floating gate structure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNanoscale
January 2025
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu 804-8550, Japan.
Self-organization realizes various nanostructures to control material properties such as superconducting vortex pinning and thermal conductivity. However, the self-organization of nucleation and growth is constrained by the growth geometric symmetry. To realize highly controlled three-dimensional nanostructures by self-organization, nanostructure formation that breaks the growth geometric symmetry thermodynamically and kinetically, such as tilted or in-plane aligned nanostructures, is a challenging issue.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMolecular junctions (MJs) are celebrated nanoelectronic devices for mimicking conventional electronic functions, including rectifiers, sensors, wires, switches, transistors, negative differential resistance, and memory, following an understanding of charge transport mechanisms. However, capacitive nanoscale molecular junctions are rarely seen. The present work describes electrochemically (E-Chem) grown covalently attached molecular thin films of 10, 14.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCell Surf
June 2025
Department of Biological Sciences, SUNY University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, United States.
In vegetative hyphae, chitin, β-1,3-glucan (laminarin), and a mixed β-1,3-/β-1,4-glucan (lichenin) are the major cell wall polysaccharides. GH72 enzymes have been shown to function as β-1,3-glucanases and glucanosyltransferases and can function in crosslinking β-1,3-glucans together. To characterize the enzymatic activities of the enzymes, we expressed GEL-1 with a HIS6 tag in A chimeric maltose binding protein:GEL-2 was produced in .
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