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Cohort profile: the Swiss Mother and Child HIV Cohort Study (MoCHiV).
BMJ Open
September 2024
Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Prevention and Travel Medicine, St Gallen, Switzerland
Purpose: Prospective, multicentric observational cohort study in Switzerland investigating measures to prevent mother-to-child transmission in pregnant women with HIV (WWH) and assessing health and development of their exposed children as well as of children with HIV (CWH) in general.
Participants: Between January 1986 and December 2022, a total of 1446 mother-child pairs were enrolled. During the same period, the study also registered 187 CWH and 521 HIV-exposed but uninfected children (HEU), for whom detailed maternal information was not available.
Comparison of Histological Chorioamnionitis in Pre-Term Delivery with and without Pre-Term Rupture of Membrane.
Adv Biomed Res
April 2024
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Al-Zahra Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Article Synopsis
- Histological chorioamnionitis (HCA) is an inflammatory response in the uterus typically found in pre-term deliveries, characterized by immune cell presence in fetal-maternal tissues, which may influence neonatal outcomes.
- A study of 100 pre-term infants (with and without ruptured membranes) analyzed factors like delivery type, gestational age, and neonatal care influence on HCA and early complications including 5-minute Apgar scores.
- Findings suggest that while factors like delivery type and gestational age are linked to HCA, specific fetal heart rate patterns were not, indicating that examining placenta histology in low-scoring pre-term infants could shed light on neonatal issues.
Perinatal Outcomes Associated With Metformin Use During Pregnancy in Women With Pregestational Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
Diabetes Care
September 2024
Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.
Objective: We emulated a modified randomized trial (Metformin in Women With Type 2 Diabetes in Pregnancy [MiTy]) to compare the perinatal outcomes in women continuing versus discontinuing metformin during pregnancy among those with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin plus insulin before pregnancy.
Research Design And Methods: This study used two health care claims databases (U.S.
Immune Responses of Healthy Pregnant Women following an Elective Cesarean Section: Effects of Anesthetic Procedures.
Diagnostics (Basel)
April 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 200349 Craiova, Romania.
A weakened immune system and more inflammatory cytokines being released are possible effects of the surgical stress that a cesarean section induces. This kind of reaction, in addition to the altered reaction to catecholamines, has the potential to significantly affect the immune system of the mother and the patients' general postoperative course. This prospective study compared the plasma levels of catecholamines and cytokines in healthy pregnant patients having cesarean sections under spinal anesthesia versus general anesthesia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Importance of prenatally diagnosed portosystemic vascular shunts in clinical outcomes].
Andes Pediatr
December 2023
Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Unlabelled: Portosystemic venous shunts (PSVS) are malformations that result from abnormal communications between the portal and hepatic veins or inferior vena cava. Prenatal diagnosis is made by evaluating the fetal venous circulation and it is classified as intrahepatic and extrahepatic, with different evolution and complications.
Objective: To report two cases of prenatal diagnosis of portosystemic vascular shunts and review the importance of this rare pathology in its neonatal and pediatric evolution.
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