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Cost reductions are essential for accelerating clean technology deployment. Because multiple factors influence costs, traditional one-factor learning models, solely relying on cumulative installed capacity as an explanatory variable, may oversimplify cost dynamics. In this study, we disentangle learning and economies of scale effects at unit and project levels and introduce a knowledge gap concept to quantify rapid technological change's impact on costs.

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Abundant repressor binding sites in human enhancers are associated with the fine-tuning of gene regulation.

iScience

January 2025

Computational Biology Branch, National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.

The regulation of gene expression relies on the coordinated action of transcription factors (TFs) at enhancers, including both activator and repressor TFs. We employed deep learning (DL) to dissect HepG2 enhancers into positive (PAR), negative (NAR), and neutral activity regions. Sharpr-MPRA and STARR-seq highlight the dichotomy impact of NARs and PARs on modulating and catalyzing the activity of enhancers, respectively.

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Mechanism of hsa_circ_0069443 promoting early pregnancy loss through ALKBH5/FN1 axis in trophoblast cells.

iScience

January 2025

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510150, China.

Studies have shown that circRNAs play an important regulatory role in trophoblast function and embryonic development. Based on sequencing and functional experiments, we found that hsa_circ_0069443 can regulate the function of trophoblast cells, and its presence is found in the exosomes secreted by trophoblast cells. It is known that exosomes mediate the interaction between the uterus and embryo, which is crucial for successful pregnancy.

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Comprehensive data on the epidemiology of cancer-related thrombosis in Africa has been sparse until recently. Thus, this review was aimed to investigate the magnitude of cancer-related thrombosis in Africa. To obtain key articles, comprehensive search was conducted using various databases.

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Primitive to visceral endoderm maturation is essential for mouse epiblast survival beyond implantation.

iScience

January 2025

Mammalian Embryo and Stem Cell Group, University of Cambridge, Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3DY, UK.

The implantation of the mouse blastocyst initiates a complex sequence of tissue remodeling and cell differentiation events required for morphogenesis, during which the extraembryonic primitive endoderm transitions into the visceral endoderm. Through single-cell RNA sequencing of embryos at embryonic day 5.0, shortly after implantation, we reveal that this transition is driven by dynamic signaling activities, notably the upregulation of BMP signaling and a transient increase in Sox7 expression.

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