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Anal Chem
January 2025
College of Chemistry and Material Science, Northwest University, Xi'an 710127, China.
With rapid, energy-intensive, and coal-fueled economic growth, global air quality is deteriorating, and particulate matter pollution has emerged as one of the major public health problems worldwide. It is extremely urgent to achieve carbon emission reduction and air pollution prevention and control, aiming at the common problem of weak and unstable signals of characteristic elements in the application of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) technology for trace element detection. In this study, the influence of the optical fiber collimation signal enhancement method on the LIBS signal was explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpidemiol Serv Saude
January 2025
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção Especializada à Saúde, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
Objective: To identify the available evidence on the risk of developing cancer in transgender people undergoing hormone therapy.
Methods: This was a rapid systematic review conducted in the PubMed, Embase, Virtual Health Library, Cochrane Library and Epistemonikos databases. Screening and data extraction were performed by independent reviewers using the Rayyan platform.
Environ Technol
January 2025
Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
Precise estimates of vehicular emissions at fine spatial scales are essential for effective emission reduction strategies. Achieving high-resolution vehicular emission inventories necessitates detailed data on traffic flow, driving patterns, and vehicle speeds for each road network segment. However, in developing countries, the lack of comprehensive traffic data, limited infrastructure, and insufficient monitoring systems constrains the development of high-resolution inventories.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSci Adv
January 2025
Thomas Lord Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA.
Precise and rapid disease detection is critical for controlling infectious diseases like COVID-19. Current technologies struggle to simultaneously identify viral RNAs and host immune antibodies due to limited integration of sample preparation and detection. Here, we present acoustofluidic integrated molecular diagnostics (AIMDx) on a chip, a platform enabling high-speed, sensitive detection of viral immunoglobulins [immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG, and IgM] and nucleic acids.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Acquir Immune Defic Syndr
November 2024
Institute for Global Health, UCL, London, UK.
Background: The risk of onwards HIV transmission is strongly influenced by the interval between HIV infection and its diagnosis. The SELPHI trial examined whether this interval could be reduced by offering free HIV self-testing kits to men-who-have-sex with-men (MSM).
Setting: Internet-based RCT of MSM aged ≥16 years, resident in England/Wales, recruited via sexual and social networking sites.
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