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Transgenerational Plasticity of Maternal Hemolymph Trehalose in Aphids.
Arch Insect Biochem Physiol
January 2025
College of Agriculture, Ibaraki University, Inashiki, Japan.
Aphids exhibit a unique reproductive strategy known as pseudoplacental viviparity, in which embryos develop internally and are thought to receive nutrients such as sugars and amino acids directly from the maternal hemolymph through an ovariole sheath, bypassing the need for traditional yolk storage. This system enables viviparous aphids to adapt to diverse and potentially stressful environments by transmitting maternal environmental cues that influence transgenerational plasticity. However, the mechanisms underlying this nutrient-mediated plasticity are poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStudy on the absorption characteristics of euscaphic acid and tiliroside in fruits of Retz.
PeerJ
January 2025
Chinese University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China.
The fruits of Retz. (FRL) have a long history of medicinal use, known for their rich composition of flavonoids, polyphenols, amino acids, sugars, and other bioactive compounds. FRL exhibits pharmacological effects such as antioxidant, antiviral, antibacterial, and antitumor activities, making it a valuable resource with significant development potential in both the food and pharmaceutical industries.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGene metabolite relationships revealed metabolic adaptations of rice salt tolerance.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Rice Research Institute of Iran, Mazandaran Branch, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Amol, Iran.
Environmental stresses, particularly salinity, pose significant challenges to global crop production, notably impacting the growth and yield of rice. Integrating gene expression and metabolomics data offers valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms driving salt tolerance in plants. This study examined the effects of high salinity on the roots and shoots of rice genotypes with contrasting tolerances: CSR28 (tolerant) and IR28 (sensitive) at the seedling stage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnlocking Mechanisms for Soil Organic Matter Accumulation: Carbon Use Efficiency and Microbial Necromass as the Keys.
Glob Chang Biol
January 2025
Department of Renewable Resources, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada.
Soil microorganisms transform plant-derived C (carbon) into particulate organic C (POC) and mineral-associated C (MAOC) pools. While microbial carbon use efficiency (CUE) is widely recognized in current biogeochemical models as a key predictor of soil organic carbon (SOC) storage, large-scale empirical evidence is limited. In this study, we proposed and experimentally tested two predictors of POC and MAOC pool formation: microbial necromass (using amino sugars as a proxy) and CUE (by O-HO approach).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBrain Transcriptome Changes Associated With an Acute Increase of Protein O-GlcNAcylation and Implications for Neurodegenerative Disease.
J Neurochem
January 2025
Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Enhancing protein O-GlcNAcylation by pharmacological inhibition of the enzyme O-GlcNAcase (OGA) has been considered as a strategy to decrease tau and amyloid-beta phosphorylation, aggregation, and pathology in Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is still more to be learned about the impact of enhancing global protein O-GlcNAcylation, which is important for understanding the potential of using OGA inhibition to treat neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we investigated the acute effect of pharmacologically increasing O-GlcNAc levels, using the OGA inhibitor Thiamet G (TG), in normal mouse brains.
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