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Nanoparticle Adjuvants Incorporating Haptens Drive Potent Immune Tolerance to Accelerate Hair Regrowth.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
Alopecia areata (AA) is a prevalent autoimmune condition that causes sudden hair loss and poses significant psychological challenges to affected individuals. Current treatments, including corticosteroids and Janus kinase inhibitors, fail to provide long-term efficacy due to adverse effects and relapse after cessation. This study introduces a nanoparticle (NP) system that codeliver diphenylcyclopropenone (DPCP) and rapamycin (RAPA) prodrugs to induce immune tolerance and promote hair regeneration.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFF-DCFPyL PSMA-PET/CT Versus MRI: Identifying the Prostate Cancer Region Most at Risk of Radiation Therapy Recurrence for Tumor Dose Escalation.
Pract Radiat Oncol
December 2024
Radiation Oncology, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CHUM), Quebec, Canada.
Purpose: Local recurrence of prostate cancer (PCa) after radiation therapy (RT) typically occurs at the site of dominant tumor burden, and recent evidence confirms that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided tumor dose escalation improves outcomes. With the emergence of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET), we hypothesize that PSMA-PET and MRI may not equally depict the region most at risk of recurrence after RT.
Methods And Materials: Patients with intermediate- to high-risk PCa and MRI plus PSMA-PET performed before RT were identified.
Mechanisms for resistance to BCMA-targeted immunotherapies in multiple myeloma.
Blood Rev
January 2025
Department of Hematology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China. Electronic address:
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable and patients eventually face the relapse/refractory dilemma. B cell maturation antigen (BCMA)-targeted immunotherapeutic approaches have shown great effectiveness in patients with relapsed/refractory MM, mainly including chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-T), bispecific T cell engagers (TCEs), and antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). However, their impact on long-term survival remains to be determined.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe pivotal role of CRIHSP sequences in orchestrating antigen receptor diversity and genomic stability within antigen receptor germline genes.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Henan Province Engineering Research Center of Innovation for Synthetic Biology, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, China. Electronic address:
The mechanisms underlying antigen receptor germline gene diversification have always been a topic of intensive study. Here, we discovered that the frequency of stem-loop sequences in the antigen receptor germline gene region is remarkably higher than the genomic background. By analyzing these stem-loop sequences' similarity and distribution patterns, we found that clustered regularly interspaced homologous stem-loop pairs (CRIHSP) are widely present on the germline genes of antigen receptors in different species.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA triad of somatic mutagenesis converges in self-reactive B cells to cause a virus-induced autoimmune disease.
Immunity
January 2025
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Electronic address:
The unexplained association between infection and autoimmune disease is strongest for hepatitis C virus-induced cryoglobulinemic vasculitis (HCV-cryovas). To analyze its origins, we traced the evolution of pathogenic rheumatoid factor (RF) autoantibodies in four HCV-cryovas patients by deep single-cell multi-omic analysis, revealing three sources of B cell somatic mutation converged to drive the accumulation of a large disease-causing clone. A method for quantifying low-affinity binding revealed recurring antibody variable domain combinations created by V(D)J recombination that bound self-immunoglobulin G (IgG) but not viral E2 antigen.
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