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The Carnivoran Adaptive Landscape Reveals Trade-offs among Functional Traits in the Skull, Appendicular, and Axial Skeleton.
Integr Org Biol
January 2025
Department of Integrative Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Analyses of form-function relationships are widely used to understand links between morphology, ecology, and adaptation across macroevolutionary scales. However, few have investigated functional trade-offs and covariance within and between the skull, limbs, and vertebral column simultaneously. In this study, we investigated the adaptive landscape of skeletal form and function in carnivorans to test how functional trade-offs among these skeletal regions contribute to ecological adaptations and the topology of the landscape.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDynamic Evolution and Effective Tuning of Lithium Dendrites Revealed by Phase Field Model and 2D Numerical Simulation.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing System Engineering, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China.
Lithium dendrites are widely acknowledged as the main culprit of the degradation of performance in various Li-based batteries. Studying the mechanism of lithium dendrite formation is challenging because of the high reactivity of lithium metal. In this work, a phase field model and in situ observation experiments were used to study the growth kinetics and morphologies of lithium dendrites in terms of anisotropy, temperature, and potential difference.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFirst report of Haemaphysalis bispinosa, molecular-geographic relationships of Ixodes granulatus and a new Dermacentor species from Vietnam.
Parasit Vectors
January 2025
Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Veterinary Research, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Background: Vietnam and its region are regarded as an ixodid tick biodiversity hotspot for at least two genera: Haemaphysalis and Dermacentor. To contribute to our knowledge on the tick fauna of this country, ticks from these two genera as well as an Ixodes species were analyzed morphologically and their molecular-phylogenetic relationships were examined in taxonomic and geographical contexts.
Methods: For this study, seven Haemaphysalis sp.
Functional heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells and their therapeutic potential in the K18-hACE2 mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Stem Cell Res Ther
January 2025
Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil.
Background: Despite many years of investigation into mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their potential for treating inflammatory conditions such as COVID-19, clinical outcomes remain variable due to factors like donor variability, different tissue sources, and diversity within MSC populations. Variations in MSCs' secretory and proliferation profiles, and their proteomic and transcriptional characteristics significantly influence their therapeutic potency, highlighting the need for enhanced characterization methods to better predict their efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the biological characteristics of MSCs from different tissue origins, selecting the most promising line for further validation in a K18-hACE2 mouse model of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOsteology and functional morphology of a transitional pterosaur Dearc sgiathanach from the Middle Jurassic (Bathonian) of Scotland.
BMC Ecol Evol
January 2025
School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Scotland.
Pterosaurs were the first vertebrates to evolve active flight. The lack of many well-preserved pterosaur fossils limits our understanding of the functional anatomy and behavior of these flight pioneers, particularly from their early history (Triassic to Middle Jurassic). Here we describe in detail the osteology of an exceptionally preserved Middle Jurassic pterosaur, the holotype of Dearc sgiathanach from the Isle of Skye, Scotland.
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