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Mean middle cerebral artery velocity (MCAv) and the pulsatility index (PI), at rest and in response to exercise, are important markers of cerebrovascular health status in middle-aged adults, when vascular decline assumes substantial relevance. Thus, this study aimed to describe and compare the responses of MCAv and PI to incremental exercise. Two hundred and forty-eight volunteers (50-58 years, 55% women) completed a ramp test on a cycle-ergometer.

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Aims: Left ventricular (LV) diastolic dysfunction and heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) are common cardiac complications of patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Exercise stress echocardiography is often used in symptomatic patients with SSc to detect abnormal increases in pulmonary pressures during exercise, but the pathophysiologic and prognostic significance of exercise stress echocardiography to assess the presence of HFpEF in these patients is unclear.

Methods And Results: Patients with SSc (n=140) underwent ergometry exercise stress echocardiography with simultaneous expired gas analysis.

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Background: Hypertension, a leading global risk factor for mortality and disability, disproportionately affects racial and ethnic minorities. Our study investigates the association between the type of prior antihypertensive medication use and the likelihood of cardiovascular events (CVE) and assesses whether the patient's race influences this relationship.

Methods: A retrospective study of 14 836 hypertension cases aged ≥ 40 years was conducted using data from HCA Healthcare between 2017 and 2023.

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Laparoscopic cholecystectomy has become the gold standard for treating symptomatic cholelithiasis due to its minimally invasive nature and faster recovery times compared to traditional open surgery, but it is not without risks. A key component of this procedure is the creation of pneumoperitoneum. This is achieved by insufflating the abdomen with carbon dioxide (CO2).

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Physical anatomical models constructed from medical images are valuable research tools for evaluating patient-specific clinical circumstances. For example, 3D models replicating a patient's internal anatomy in the cardiovascular system can be used to validate Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models, which can then be used to identify potential hemodynamic consequences of surgical decisions by providing insight into how blood and vascular tissue mechanics may contribute to disease progression and post-operative complications. Patient-specific models have been described in the literature; however, rapid prototyping models that achieve anatomical accuracy, optical transparency, and thin-walled compliance in a cost and time-effective approach have proven challenging.

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