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Facilitators and Barriers to adherence to antiretroviral therapy among incarcerated people living with HIV in Iran: insights from a qualitative study.
Harm Reduct J
January 2025
HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
Background: Ensuring consistent adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is crucial for effective HIV treatment and achieving viral suppression. Within prisons, the prevalence of HIV is notably high, and incarcerated individuals face an increased risk of transmitting the virus both during and after incarceration. However, facilitators and barriers to ART adherence among these individuals in low- and middle-income countries remain inadequately explored.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Laboratory Opossum () Is a Unique Model for Research on Zika Virus: Robust Immune Response, Widespread Dissemination, and Long-Term Persistence.
Viruses
November 2024
Division of Human Genetics, School of Medicine, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg/Harlingen/Brownsville, McAllen, TX 78520, USA.
The Zika virus (ZIKV) epidemic elicited a rapid commitment to the development of animal models for ZIKV research. Non-human primates (NHPs) and mice have made significant contributions to this research, but NHPs are expensive, have a long gestation period, and are available only in small numbers; non-genetically modified mice are resistant to infection. To address these deficiencies, we have established the laboratory opossum, , as a small animal model that complements the mouse and monkey models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNew Insights on Hepatitis B Virus Viral Transcription in Single Hepatocytes.
Viruses
November 2024
National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China.
The hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects approximately 290 million people globally, with chronic infection sustained by persistent viral gene expression. Recent single-cell analyses of HBV viral transcripts have uncovered novel features of HBV transcription and provided fresh insights into its regulation at the single-cell level. In this review, we summarize the latest advancements in understanding HBV viral transcription in individual hepatocytes and highlight emerging technologies that hold promise for future research.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent Status of Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Vaccines.
Vaccines (Basel)
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS), characterized by reproductive failures in breeding pigs and respiratory diseases in growing pigs, is a widespread and challenging disease. The agent, PRRSV, is a single-strand RNA virus that is undergoing continuous mutation and evolution, resulting in the global spread of multiple strains with different genetic characteristics and variable antigens. There are currently no effective measures to eradicate PRRS, and vaccination is crucial for controlling the disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDevelopment and Evaluation of a Candidate Inactivated Vaccine Against Bluetongue Virus Serotype 4 (BTV4).
Vaccines (Basel)
November 2024
Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Serbia, Janisa Janulisa 14, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
Objectives: Although bluetongue is not a contagious disease, it is easily transmitted and spread by appropriate insect vectors, causing great economic damage. Climate change has led to the fact that vectors and diseases have spread to the top of Northern Europe, causing great economic losses in livestock production. An even greater problem is controlling the disease, because numerous species of domestic and wild ruminants are susceptible to bluetongue.
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