The dopamine receptor blocker pimozide attenuated lever-pressing and running for food reward in hungry rats. In each case the characteristic behavior of pimozide-treated rats was the same as that of undrugged rats when reward was simply withheld. Drug-induced performance difficulties were ruled out by the presence of periods of normal responding in drug-treated animals. Pimozide appears to selectively blunt the rewarding impact of food and other hedonic stimuli.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.566469 | DOI Listing |
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat
February 2016
Department of Neuropsychiatry, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan.
Neuroleptics can induce not only physical adverse effects but also mental effects that produce deficit status in thought, affect, cognition, and behavior. This condition is known as neuroleptic-induced deficit syndrome (NIDS), which includes apathy, lack of initiative, anhedonia, indifference, blunted affect, and reduced insight into disease. Although this old concept now appears almost forgotten, neuroleptics, whether typical or atypical, can make depression or bipolar disorder resemble other more refractory conditions, readily leading to mistaken diagnosis and inappropriate treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Pharm Biotechnol
June 2012
Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
An important development within the last decades is the consideration of the patient's perspective and the acknowledgement that the majority of patients are able to judge their state of well-being. Several self-report scales such as the "The Subjective Well-being under Neuroleptics Scale" (SWN) have been established. Additionally to their beneficial impact, current antipsychotics have considerable limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPharmacol Biochem Behav
July 2010
University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Maple and Locust Street, Baltimore, MD 21228, United States.
Antipsychotic drugs are broadly classified into typical and atypical compounds; they vary in their pharmacological profile however a common component is their antagonist effects at the D2 dopamine receptors (DRD2). Unfortunately, diminished DRD2 activation is generally thought to be associated with the severity of neuroleptic-induced anhedonia. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the atypical antipsychotic olanzapine and typical antipsychotic haloperidol in a paradigm that reflects the learned transfer of incentive motivational properties to previously neutral stimuli, namely autoshaping.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFActa Psychiatr Scand Suppl
October 2005
Interdisciplinary Lab of Neuroimaging and Cognition (LiNC), Department of Psychiatry, Federal University of Sao Paulo (UNIFESP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Objective: The purpose of this article is to review some of the basic aspects of the dopaminergic system and its role in reward and pleasure behaviour. We also discuss the association between dopamine and unpleasant symptoms that are commonly found in neuropsychiatric disorders and may also be side-effects of neuroleptic drugs.
Method: A computer-based search of the literature, augmented by extensive bibliography-guided article reviews, were used to find basic information on the dopamine and the reward systems, and symptoms such as dysphoria, anhedonia and depression.
Anticholinergics are widely used to treat extrapyramidal motor symptoms caused by neuroleptics or other drugs with antidopaminergic (dopamine D2) effects. In the medical literature, occasional reports are concerned with the abuse of centrally acting anticholinergic compounds. These drugs may be abused because of their stimulant effects, mostly by patients on neuroleptic treatment.
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