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Aucubin ameliorates atherosclerosis by modulating tryptophan metabolism and inhibiting endothelial-mesenchymal transitions via gut microbiota regulation.
Phytomedicine
December 2024
Guangdong Metabolic Diseases Research Center of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Key Laboratory of Glucolipid Metabolic Disorder, Ministry of Education of China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disease Prevention and Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; Institute of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. Electronic address:
Background: The gut microbiota is believed to influence atherosclerosis (AS), and Aucubin (Au), a natural compound found in the traditional Chinese medicine Eucommia ulmoides Oliver, is being explored as a potential treatment for cardiovascular disease. Yet, the specific impact of Au on AS through the gut microbiota remains unclear.
Purpose: This study aimed to highlight the potential of Au in improving AS by influencing gut microbiota and investigating its potential mechanisms by which it and its metabolites of gut microbiota regulate lipid metabolism, inflammation and endothelial dysfunction.
In utero exposure to maternal diabetes exacerbates dietary sodium intake-induced endothelial dysfunction by activating cyclooxygenase 2-derived prostanoids.
Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab
May 2024
Department of Pediatrics, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States.
Prenatal exposure to maternal diabetes has been recognized as a significant cardiovascular risk factor, increasing the susceptibility to the emergence of conditions such as high blood pressure, atherosclerosis, and heart disease in later stages of life. However, it is unclear if offspring exposed to diabetes in utero have worse vascular outcomes on a high-salt (HS) diet. To test the hypothesis that in utero exposure to maternal diabetes predisposes to HS-induced vascular dysfunction, we treated adult male wild-type offspring (DM_Exp, 6 mo old) of diabetic mice ( mice) with HS (8% sodium chloride, 10 days) and analyzed endothelial function via wire myograph and cyclooxygenase (COX)-derived prostanoids pathway by ELISA, quantitative PCR, and immunochemistry.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of dietary-based weight loss interventions on biomarkers of endothelial function: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Eur J Clin Nutr
October 2023
School of Life Sciences, The University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, UK.
Endothelial dysfunction is closely linked to the development of atherosclerosis. This systematic review and meta-analysis reviewed the evidence on the effect of weight loss, achieved by dietary-based interventions, on biomarkers of endothelial function (EF). Two databases (Medline, Embase) were searched from inception until November 2022 for studies that met the following criteria: 1) adult subjects (≥ 18 years) without exclusion for health status, 2) dietary interventions for weight loss, and 3) measurements of changes in EF biomarkers.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDietary-Induced Elevations of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins Promote Atherosclerosis in the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Knockout Syrian Golden Hamster.
Front Cardiovasc Med
November 2021
Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Elevated triglycerides are associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Therefore, it is very important to understand the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TRLs) and their atherogenic role in animal models. Using low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout (LDLR) Syrian golden hamsters, this study showed that unlike LDLR mice, when LDLR hamsters were fed a high cholesterol high-fat diet (HFD), they had very high plasma levels of triglycerides and cholesterol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPlasma levels of trimethylamine-N-oxide can be increased with 'healthy' and 'unhealthy' diets and do not correlate with the extent of atherosclerosis but with plaque instability.
Cardiovasc Res
January 2021
Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Aims: The microbiome-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) has attracted major interest and controversy both as a diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target in atherothrombosis.
Methods And Results: Plasma TMAO increased in mice on 'unhealthy' high-choline diets and notably also on 'healthy' high-fibre diets. Interestingly, TMAO was found to be generated by direct oxidation in the gut in addition to oxidation by hepatic flavin-monooxygenases.
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