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Glucokinase: from allosteric glucose sensing to disease variants.
Trends Biochem Sci
January 2025
Linderstrøm-Lang Centre for Protein Science, Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Ole Maaløes Vej 5, Copenhagen, Denmark. Electronic address:
Human glucokinase (GCK) functions as a glucose sensor in the pancreas and liver, where GCK activity regulates insulin secretion and glycogen synthesis, respectively. GCK's low affinity for glucose and the sigmoidal substrate dependency of enzymatic turnover enables it to act as a sensor that makes cells responsive to changes in circulating glucose levels. Its unusual kinetic properties are intrinsically linked to the enzyme's conformational dynamics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDecellularization and Enzymatic Digestion Methods to Enhance ECM Protein Detection via MALDI-MS Imaging.
Anal Chem
January 2025
Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States.
Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry imaging (MALDI-MSI) has been used to generate spatial maps of lipids, metabolites, peptides, proteins, and glycans in tissues; however, its use for mapping extracellular matrix (ECM) protein distributions is underexplored. ECM proteins play a major role in various pathological conditions, and changes in their spatial distributions affect the function and morphology of cells within tissues. ECM protein detection is challenging because they are large, insoluble, and undergo various post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStructures and properties of α-amylase and glucoamylase immobilized by ZIF-8 via one-pot preparation.
Enzyme Microb Technol
December 2024
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, PR China.
The immobilization of α-amylase and glucoamylase using a metal-organic framework (enzyme@ZIF-8) was prepared in situ through a one-pot method. The morphology, crystal structure, and molecular characteristics of the free enzyme and enzyme@ZIF-8 were characterized. The enzyme@ZIF-8 exhibited the rhombic dodecahedron morphology, with a decrease in particle size.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTRAMP assembly alters the conformation and RNA binding of Mtr4 and Trf4-Air2.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX 75080.
Article Synopsis
- The TRAMP complex is crucial for RNA processing and features two key enzymatic activities that involve both polyadenylation and unwinding of RNA.
- New research using hydrogen-deuterium exchange data reveals insights into how TRAMP assembles and shuffles RNA between its catalytic sites, which are not fully understood.
- Findings indicate that peripheral RNA-recognition motifs affect TRAMP assembly and that different active-site subunits interact with tRNA in ways that influence RNA transfer between TRAMP components.
Structural and physicochemical properties of debranched lotus seed starch treated with high hydrostatic pressure.
Int J Biol Macromol
December 2024
College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Quality Science and Processing Technology in Special Starch, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China. Electronic address:
Lotus seeds represent a significant economic crop and are abundant in starch. To further enhance their application value, this study investigates the structural characteristics of lotus seed starch (LS) under the combined influence of pullulanase and high hydrostatic pressure (HHP). Pullulanase increased amylose content from 39.
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