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Janus kinase inhibitors in rheumatoid arthritis-associated interstitial lung disease: where do we stand and what may be the future?
Reumatismo
January 2025
Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara.
Objective: Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is rare, but it is one of the most frequent extra-articular manifestations and a relevant cause of morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Over the past few years, Janus kinase inhibitors (JAKis) have been reported to have promising efficacy in the treatment of active RA, but recent concerns have been raised about their safety profile, namely malignancy and cardiovascular disease, limiting their use to certain patient categories.
Methods: The objective of this narrative review is to summarize the current evidence of the efficacy and safety of JAKis in RA-ILD management, investigating a possible emerging role for this drug class in such subset of patients.
External negative pressure improves lung aeration in near-term rabbit kittens at risk of developing respiratory distress.
Front Pediatr
January 2025
The Ritchie Centre, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton VIC, Australia.
Introduction: As airway liquid is cleared into lung interstitial tissue after birth, the chest wall must expand to accommodate this liquid and the incoming air. We examined the effect of applying external positive and negative pressures to the chest wall on lung aeration in near-term rabbit kittens at risk of developing respiratory distress.
Methods: Rabbit kittens (30 days; term ∼31 days) were randomised into and groups.
Identification of Transforming Growth Factor-β1 in the nasal polyp tissue of chronic rhinosinusitis: a comprehensive analysis.
Acta Otolaryngol
January 2025
Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya/Dr. Saiful Anwar General Hospital, Malang, Indonesia.
Background: Chronic Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 (TGF-β1) plays a critical role in tissue remodelling and immunological modulation, which may contribute to the severity and recurrence of Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Nasal Polyps (CRSwNP). Despite extensive research on CRSwNP, the exact role and pathological significance of TGF-β1 in CRSwNP remain poorly understood due to inconsistencies in study methodologies and findings.
Aims/objectives: To resolve discrepancies in the literature, this systematic review compares the levels of TGF-β1 in CRSwNP tissue to controls and Chronic Rhinosinusitis without Nasal Polyps (CRSsNP).
Severe left-to-right shunting from combined traumatic tricuspid valve rupture and atrial septal defect: bridge to surgical repair using veno-venous ECMO.
BMJ Case Rep
January 2025
Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
Our patient presented to the emergency room following a motor vehicle accident. The traumatic tricuspid valve rupture was diagnosed by transthoracic echocardiogram, and his respiratory status declined rapidly. He was placed on veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VV ECMO) to bridge him to surgical repair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSolid-state esophageal pressure sensor for the estimation of pleural pressure: a bench and first-in-human validation study.
Crit Care
January 2025
Intensive Care, Erasmus Medical Center, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Background: Advanced respiratory monitoring through the measurement of esophageal pressure (Pes) as a surrogate of pleural pressure helps guiding mechanical ventilation in ICU patients. Pes measurement with an esophageal balloon catheter, the current clinical reference standard, needs complex calibrations and a multitude of factors influence its reliability. Solid-state pressure sensors might be able to overcome these limitations.
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