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Determining optimal dosing regimen of oral administration of dicloxacillin using Monte Carlo simulation.
Drug Des Devel Ther
April 2018
State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University.
Background: Dicloxacillin, a semisynthetic isoxazolyl penicillin, exhibits antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of Gram-positive bacteria, as well as stability against penicillinases and low level of toxicity. The objective of this study was to obtain optimal dosing regimen of oral administration of dicloxacillin by analyzing the pharmacokinetic (PK) index in healthy volunteers and in vitro antibacterial activity by using Monte Carlo simulation.
Materials And Methods: A total of 867 clinical isolates from community-onset infections were collected from 31 secondary hospitals in People's Republic of China.
Safety and pharmacokinetics of dicloxacillin in healthy Chinese volunteers following single and multiple oral doses.
Drug Des Devel Ther
July 2016
Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
Background: Dicloxacillin, a semisynthetic isoxazolyl penicillin antibiotic, has antimicrobial activity against a wide variety of gram-positive bacteria including Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumonia, Streptococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus viridans, Streptococcus agalactiae, and Neisseria meningitidis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the safety and pharmacokinetic profile of dicloxacillin after single and multiple oral dose in healthy Chinese volunteers.
Methods: A single-center, open-label, randomized, two-phase study was conducted in 16 subjects.
Chemical delivery systems for some penicillinase-resistant semisynthetic penicillins.
J Med Chem
August 1989
Center for Drug Design and Delivery, J. Hillis Miller Health Center, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville 32610.
Chemical delivery systems (CDS's) based on a dihydropyridine----quaternary pyridinium ion redox system analogous to the naturally occurring NADH----NAD+ system were synthesized for a group of staphylococcal penicillinase resistant penicillins, including methicillin, oxacillin, cloxacillin, and dicloxacillin, in order to improve their penetration of the central nervous system (CNS). The CDS's are penicillin monoesters of gem-diols in which the other hydroxyl group is esterified by the dihydrotrigonelline carrier. The CDS's were found to be much more lipopholic than the parent drugs by comparing their log k' values used as lipophilicity indexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Metastable and steady-state solubility of the salt forms of semisynthetic penicillins at 4 degrees C].
Antibiot Med Biotekhnol
March 1986
Steady-state and metastable solubility of penicillin salts in water, aqueous organic solutions and the same systems with addition of an inorganic electrolyte at a temperature of 4.0 +/- 1.0 degree C was studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAllergic reactions to anti-Pseudomonal penicillin derivatives are an increasing problem in therapy of cystic fibrosis lung disease. We evaluated 15 patients, ages 12 to 37 years, with documented allergic reactions to carbenicillin, ticarcillin, or piperacillin. Intradermal skin test reactions were positive for benzylpenicillin in seven patients, penicilloyl-polylysine in one, and ticarcillin or piperacillin in eight, for a total of 11 of 11 tested.
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