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Safety and efficacy of bilateral topical application of rocuronium bromide for mydriasis in European kestrels (Falco tinnunculus).
J Avian Med Surg
March 2012
Department of Veterinary Clinics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa via Livornese lato monte, 56122, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy.
The avian iris is mainly composed of striated muscle fibers, and the topical parasympatholytic drugs used in mammals to induce pupil dilation are ineffective in birds. The achievement of mydriasis in conscious birds is only possible by using neuromuscular blocking agents such as curariform drugs. To determine the efficacy of the neuromuscular blocking agent rocuronium bromide as a mydriatic agent in European kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) and to assess possible adverse effects due to its use, 10 kestrels received a single topical instillation with a pipette of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMydriatic effect of topically applied rocuronium bromide in tawny owls (Strix aluco): comparison between two protocols.
Vet Ophthalmol
September 2010
Department of Veterinary Clinic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Objective: To evaluate the mydriatic efficacy of a neuromuscular blocking agent (rocuronium bromide) applied topically to only one eye of nocturnal birds of prey and to assess for any general and/or local adverse effects due to its use. Animal studied Twelve healthy adult tawny owls (Strix aluco) were randomly divided in two groups.
Procedures: Six birds (Group 1) received a single dose of 0.
Chemical syntheses and biological activities of lactam analogues of alpha-conotoxin SI.
J Med Chem
December 2000
Departments of Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine & Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
Bicyclization represents an effective method for the introduction of conformational constraints into small, biologically important peptides. Several strategies have been developed for the preparation of bicyclic lactam analogues of alpha-conotoxin SI, a 13-residue peptide neurotoxin found in cone snail venom. Four analogues of the natural regioisomer of alpha-conotoxin SI were designed and synthesized, each with one of the two paired cysteines of the parent peptide being replaced by a side-chain lactam bridged glutamic acid/lysine pair.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn the present study we investigated whether the precentral component (N30) of short somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) to median nerve stimulation may be modified by peripheral neuromuscular blocking agent in patients affected by rigidity. We, therefore, recorded SEPs in nine Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and in seven psychotic patients affected by neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS), all showing severe rigidity. Each patient group was studied before and after the placebo, and before and after an atracurium besilate bolus of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPotency of agonists and competitive antagonists on adult- and fetal-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.
Cell Mol Neurobiol
February 1997
Department of Anesthesia, University of California, San Francisco 94143-0648, USA.
1. The potency of agonists and competitive antagonists on the two expressed forms of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (adult or junctional subtype, epsilon-AChR; fetal or extrajunctional subtype, gamma-AChR) have not previously been compared systematically in homogeneous receptor preparations. 2.
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