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Cureus
December 2024
Internal Medicine, Griffin Hospital, Derby, USA.
Ethylene glycol (C₂H₆O₂), a toxic alcohol commonly found in automotive antifreeze, de-icing solutions, and industrial coolants, can cause severe toxicity when ingested. Due to its sweet taste, it is often consumed accidentally or intentionally, leading to life-threatening consequences such as metabolic acidosis, acute kidney injury (AKI), and mortality. Prompt diagnosis and early treatment with antidotes such as fomepizole or ethanol, combined with hemodialysis, are essential in preventing severe outcomes.
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December 2024
Nephrology, Hospital Regional Hans Dieter Schmidt, Joinville, BRA.
Fungal peritonitis is an uncommon but serious complication that can occur in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis. It represents a small percentage of all peritonitis cases in these patients. Its diagnosis can be challenging due to the slow growth of fungi and frequent negative culture results.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Nutr Metab
January 2025
Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Tocotrienols, isomers of vitamin E, may provide an effective nutritional strategy to mitigate common cardiovascular risks such as dyslipidemia, inflammation, and oxidative stress in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized clinical trial aimed to evaluate the effects of a tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) supplementation (300 mg/day) on oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, including transcription factors in nondialysis (ND) and hemodialysis (HD) CKD patients for three months. Interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor- (IL-6 and TNF-), C-reactive protein (CRP), lipid peroxidation, biochemical parameters, and transcription factors such as NRF2 and NF-B mRNA expression were evaluated.
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January 2025
Department of Medical Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Tuberculosis and Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
Background: As a state of metabolic and nutritional derangements, protein-energy wasting (PEW) is highly prevalent and associated with increased morbidity and mortality in hemodialysis patients. Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) and Klotho have been proven to contribute to chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Previous evidence suggested that FGF-23 and Klotho may also contribute to the malnutritional status among these patients; however, the inter-relationship between the FGF-23-Klotho axis and PEW remains unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHemodial Int
January 2025
Nephrology Division, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Calciphylaxis is a rare and serious disorder characterized by vascular calcification and occlusion of the microvessels in the dermis, subcutaneous adipose tissue, visceral organs, and musculature. Studies have suggested that the major risk factors for developing calciphylaxis are chronic kidney disease and secondary hyperparathyroidism. Its diagnosis is clinical, and the treatment includes a multidisciplinary approach, although there are no clinical protocols based on randomized clinical trials.
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