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Serotonin model of schizophrenia: emerging role of glutamate mechanisms.
Brain Res Brain Res Rev
March 2000
Departments of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and the Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park St., New Haven, CT, USA.
The serotonin (5-HT) hypothesis of schizophrenia arose from early studies on interactions between the hallucinogenic drug LSD (D-lysergic acid diethylamide) and 5-HT in peripheral systems. More recent studies have shown that the two major classes of psychedelic hallucinogens, the indoleamines (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSI neuron response variability is stimulus tuned and NMDA receptor dependent.
J Neurophysiol
June 1999
Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
Skin brushing stimuli were used to evoke spike discharge activity in single skin mechanoreceptive afferents (sMRAs) and anterior parietal cortical (SI) neurons of anesthetized monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). In the initial experiments 10-50 presentations of each of 8 different stimulus velocities were delivered to the linear skin path from which maximal spike discharge activity could be evoked. Mean rate of spike firing evoked by each velocity (MFR) was computed for the time period during which spike discharge activity exceeded background, and an across-presentations estimate of mean firing rate (MFR) was generated for each velocity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffects of drugs on concurrent variable-interval variable-interval schedule performance.
Behav Pharmacol
December 1998
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock 72205, USA.
According to the generalized matching law the ratio of responses between two alternatives matches the ratio of reinforcers produced by these responses. In these experiments using concurrent variable-interval variable-interval schedules in pigeons, responding occurred more frequently on the key associated with the lower reinforcement density (undermatching) than would be predicted by perfect matching. Under control conditions, there was no bias toward responding on either key.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeroquel restores sensorimotor gating in phencyclidine-treated rats.
J Pharmacol Exp Ther
December 1996
Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 2093-0804, USA.
Phencylidine (PCP) is a psychotomimetic noncompetitive glutamate antagonist that has been used in studies of the neural substrates of psychosis. Both schizophrenic patients and PCP-treated rats exhibit reduced amounts of prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the startle reflex, which is the normal inhibition of startle that occurs when the starting noise is preceded 30 to 500 msec by a weak prepulse. The present study assessed the effects of seroquel (ICI 204,636), a mixed D2/5-hydroxytryptamine2 antagonist with a preclinical profile suggestive of potential antipsychotic efficacy, on the PCP-induced disruption of PPI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurobehavioral profile of subcutaneously administered MK-801 in the rat.
Neurotoxicology
June 1997
G.D. Searle & Co., Skokie, IL 60077, USA.
MK-801 (dizocilpine) is an NMDA antagonist known to cause vacuolization and necrosis in susceptible cortical neurons. The objectives of the present work were to characterize the behavioral effects produced by a single administration of MK-801 and to determine how these effects may relate to the morphological changes seen in the central nervous system. Female rats (8/ group), approximately 9 weeks of age, received one of three doses of (+)MK-801 (0.
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