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Biphasic glucose-stimulated insulin secretion over decades: a journey from measurements and modeling to mechanistic insights.
Life Metab
February 2025
New Cornerstone Science Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiometabolic Molecular Medicine, Institute of Molecular Medicine, National Biomedical Imaging Center, The Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Imaging, Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, School of Future Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Glucose-stimulated insulin release from pancreatic β-cells is critical for maintaining blood glucose homeostasis. An abrupt increase in blood glucose concentration evokes a rapid and transient rise in insulin secretion followed by a prolonged, slower phase. A diminished first phase is one of the earliest indicators of β-cell dysfunction in individuals predisposed to develop type 2 diabetes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFOXR2 in cancer development: emerging player and therapeutic opportunities.
Oncol Res
January 2025
College of Food Sciences, Al-Qasim Green University, Babylon, Iraq.
Cancer, a leading cause of global mortality, remains a significant challenge to increasing life expectancy worldwide. Forkhead Box R2 (FOXR2), identified as an oncogene within the FOX gene family, plays a crucial role in developing various endoderm-derived organs. Recent studies have elucidated FOXR2-related pathways and their involvement in both tumor and non-tumor diseases.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRevisiting the place of surgical portal decompression for adults with noncirrhotic portal hypertension due to chronic extrahepatic portal vein obstruction: a scoping review.
HPB (Oxford)
January 2025
Hepato-Biliary Center, AP-HP Paul Brousse Hospital, Paris-Saclay University, INSERM Unit 1193, 94800 Villejuif, France. Electronic address:
Background: Liver cirrhosis accounts for more than 90 % of portal hypertension cases, and the other cases are due to noncirrhotic portal hypertension (NCPH). Variceal bleeding is the most life-threatening complication of portal hypertension and its primary treatment is medical according to the Baveno VII guidelines. This review discusses the evidence on surgical portal decompression for adult patients with NCPH secondary to chronic extrahepatic portal vein obstruction (EHPVO).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDysregulation of Metabolic Peptides in the Gut-Brain Axis Promotes Hyperinsulinemia, Obesity, and Neurodegeneration.
Biomedicines
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 96 Jonathan Lucas Street, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Metabolic peptides can influence metabolic processes and contribute to both inflammatory and/or anti-inflammatory responses. Studies have shown that there are thousands of metabolic peptides, made up of short chains of amino acids, that the human body produces. These peptides are crucial for regulating many different processes like metabolism and cell signaling, as they bind to receptors on various cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTrends in Specific Family Refusals for Pediatric Organ and Tissue Donation: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Pediatr Transplant
February 2025
School of Nursing, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Background: When a family decides to donate the organs or tissues of their child with brain death, it is necessary to consider which organs or tissues will be donated. This phenomenon presents an ethical dilemma that is underexplored in the scientific literature, making it essential to examine this context to understand how refusals occur within donations.
Objective: To analyze the rates and trends of specific refusals for each organ and tissue from pediatric donors with brain death occurring between 2001 and 2020 in an Organ Procurement Organization in the State of São Paulo, Brazil.
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