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Prevalence Estimation Methods for Time-Dependent Antibody Kinetics of Infected and Vaccinated Individuals: A Markov Chain Approach.
Bull Math Biol
January 2025
Information Technology Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USA.
Immune events such as infection, vaccination, and a combination of the two result in distinct time-dependent antibody responses in affected individuals. These responses and event prevalence combine non-trivially to govern antibody levels sampled from a population. Time-dependence and disease prevalence pose considerable modeling challenges that need to be addressed to provide a rigorous mathematical underpinning of the underlying biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of dietary protein on physical performance and body composition in middle age and older people having type II diabetes mellitus: a randomized pilot study.
Eur J Nutr
January 2025
School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 17237, Athens, Greece.
Purpose: Protein supplementation has been proposed as an effective dietary strategy for maintaining or increasing skeletal muscle mass and improving physical performance in middle-aged and older adults. Diabetes mellitus exacerbates muscle mass loss, leading to many older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) experiencing sarcopenia, and vice versa. Our objective was to assess the impact of increased dietary protein intake on muscle mass, strength, physical performance, and the progression of T2DM in middle-aged and older adults diagnosed with this condition.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSpatially dependent tissue distribution of thyroid hormones by plasma thyroid hormone binding proteins.
Pflugers Arch
January 2025
Gangarosa Department of Environmental Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Plasma thyroid hormone (TH) binding proteins (THBPs), including thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), transthyretin (TTR), and albumin (ALB), carry THs to extrathyroidal sites, where THs are unloaded locally and then taken up via membrane transporters into the tissue proper. The respective roles of THBPs in supplying THs for tissue uptake are not completely understood. To investigate this, we developed a spatial human physiologically based kinetic (PBK) model of THs, which produces several novel findings.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Tel Aviv university, Tel Aviv, Israel, Israel.
Background: Amyloid filaments formation is a complex kinetic and thermodynamic process. The dependence of peptide polymerization on peptide-peptide interactions to form a β-pleated sheet fibrils and the stimulatory influence of other proteins on the reaction suggest that amyloid formation may be subject to modulation METHOD: In vitro formation of β-amyloid was induced by incubation of an aqueous solution of AβP (10 mg/ml) for 7 days at 37°C. The extent of β-amyloid formation and disaggregation were monitored using a panel of well characterized mAbs raised against soluble AβP fragments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Background: SMOC1 has recently emerged as one of the most significant and consistent new biomarkers of early Alzheimer's disease (AD). SMOC1 is one of the earliest changing proteins in AD, with SMOC1 cerebrospinal fluid levels increasing 29 years before symptom onset in autosomal dominant AD. Despite this clear association with disease, very little is known about the role of SMOC1 in AD or its function in the brain.
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