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Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is caused by the use and misuse of antibiotics. AMR is a global health concern, to which penicillin allergy (penA) labels appear to contribute. Patients who have penA labels are treated with non-penicillin antibiotics and receive more antibiotics when compared with patients without penA.

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Atopic dermatitis (AD), a prevalent allergic skin condition in children, has been closely associated with imbalances in the gut microbiome. To investigate these microbial alterations and their functional implications, we investigated protein expression, functions and interactions of the gut bacteriome and mycobiome as well as the human proteome in Thai infants with AD using integrative metaproteomic and host interaction analysis. As we observed, probiotic species, such as and , were reduced in abundance in the AD group while key pathogenic bacteria and fungi, such as and , increased in abundance.

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Gut microbiota mediated T cells regulation and autoimmune diseases.

Front Microbiol

December 2024

Laboratory of Anti-allergic Functional Molecules, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, China.

Gut microbiota regulates the immune system, the development and progression of autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and overall health. Recent studies have played a crucial part in understanding the specific role of different gut bacterial strains and their metabolites in different AIDs. Microbial signatures in AIDs are revealed by advanced sequencing and metabolomics studies.

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Seroconversion following PPSV23 vaccination in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Vaccine

January 2025

Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Metabolism, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA. Electronic address:

Objective: To evaluate whether children with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) have optimal humoral immune response to pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccination (PPSV23) and to study factors affecting that response.

Methods: In this prospective pilot study, we recruited 29 children with T1DM who were vaccine naïve to PPSV23 and assessed serum-serotype specific IgG at baseline and 4-6 weeks post-immunization. We tested association between independent variables (age, gender, body mass index (BMI), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), glucose variability, and time in range assessed by continuous glucose monitors (CGM), insulin dose and outcome (log-2-fold change of immunoassay response between pre- and post-immunization testing) using linear regression.

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Allergen-specific sublingual immunotherapy altered gut microbiota in patients with allergic rhinitis.

Front Cell Infect Microbiol

December 2024

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya, China.

Introduction: Allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) induces long-term immune tolerance to allergens and is effective for treating allergic rhinitis (AR). However, the impact of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) on gut microbiota from AR patients and its correlation with treatment efficacy remains unclear.

Methods: In the present study, we enrolled 24 AR patients sensitized to Dermatophagoides farinae (Der-f) and 6 healthy donors (HD).

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