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Electronic cigarette vape decreases nitric oxide bioavailability in vascular smooth muscle cells via increased cytoglobin-mediated metabolism.
Free Radic Biol Med
December 2024
Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, and the EPR Center, Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA. Electronic address:
Cytoglobin (Cygb) regulates vascular tone by modulating nitric oxide (NO) metabolism in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In the presence of its cytochrome B5a (B5)/B5 reductase-isoform-3 (B5R) reducing system, Cygb controls NO metabolism via oxygen-dependent NO dioxygenation. Electronic cigarette (EC) use has been shown to induce vascular dysfunction and decrease NO bioavailability; however, the role of Cygb-mediated NO metabolism in the pathophysiology of this process has not been previously investigated.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntegrated Ising Model with global inhibition for decision making.
bioRxiv
November 2024
Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
Humans and other organisms make decisions choosing between different options, with the aim to maximize the reward and minimize the cost. The main theoretical framework for modeling the decision-making process has been based on the highly successful drift-diffusion model, which is a simple tool for explaining many aspects of this process. However, new observations challenge this model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPDE4B Missense Variant Increases Susceptibility to Post-traumatic Stress Disorder-Relevant Phenotypes in Mice.
J Neurosci
October 2024
School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, United Kingdom
Large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWASs) have associated intronic variants in , encoding cAMP-specific phosphodiesterase-4B (PDE4B), with increased risk for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as well as schizophrenia and substance use disorders that are often comorbid with it. However, the pathophysiological mechanisms of genetic risk involving PDE4B are poorly understood. To examine the effects of PDE4B variation on phenotypes with translational relevance to psychiatric disorders, we focused on PDE4B missense variant M220T, which is present in the human genome as rare coding variant rs775201287.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of DEAD- and DExH-box RNA helicases in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Front Mol Neurosci
August 2024
Institute of Human Genetics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) represent a large group of disorders with an onset in the neonatal or early childhood period; NDDs include intellectual disability (ID), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), seizures, various motor disabilities and abnormal muscle tone. Among the many underlying Mendelian genetic causes for these conditions, genes coding for proteins involved in all aspects of the gene expression pathway, ranging from transcription, splicing, translation to the eventual RNA decay, feature rather prominently. Here we focus on two large families of RNA helicases (DEAD- and DExH-box helicases).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExploring the Link Between Oral Health Factors and Hearing Impairments in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Cureus
July 2024
Pediatric Dentistry, Damascus University, Damascus, SYR.
Background Hearing-impaired children may face challenges in communication, social interaction, academic performance, and emotional well-being, which can have a notable impact on their overall quality of life. Beyond these challenges, oral health can also be significantly impacted. The relationship between hearing impairment and dental diseases is an intriguing and interconnected aspect of overall well-being that merits attention and exploration.
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