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Processing Parameter-Performance Nexus in 3D Printing of Nanostructured Chiral Photonics.
Small
January 2025
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, 29208, USA.
Precisely crafted hierarchical architectures found in naturally derived biomaterials underpin the exceptional performance and functionality showcased by the host organism. In particular, layered helical assemblies composed of cellulose, chitin, or collagen serve as the foundation for some of the most mechanically robust and visually striking natural materials. By utilizing structured materials in additive manufacturing techniques such as extrusion-based 3D printing, the intrinsic deformation process can be used to implement bottom-up design of printed constructs, offering the potential to create intricate macroscale geometries with embedded nanoscale functionality.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUnique ultrastructural organization of human rod photoreceptors.
Commun Biol
January 2025
Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Rod and cone photoreceptor cells are specialized neurons responsible for transforming the information reaching the eyes in the form of photons into the language of neuronal activity. Rods are the most prevalent photoreceptor type, primarily responsible for light detection under conditions of limited illumination. Here we demonstrate that human rods have a morphological organization unique among all described species, whereby the cell soma extends alongside the light-sensitive outer segment compartment to form a structure we have termed the "accessory inner segment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOpposite asymmetry in visual perception of humans and macaques.
Curr Biol
January 2025
Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA; Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA. Electronic address:
In human adults, visual perception varies throughout the visual field. Performance decreases with eccentricity and varies around polar angle. At isoeccentric locations, performance is typically higher along the horizontal than vertical meridian (horizontal-vertical asymmetry [HVA]) and along the lower than the upper vertical meridian (vertical meridian asymmetry [VMA]).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLaser scarecrows reduce avian corn-foraging propensity but not bout length in aviary trials.
Pest Manag Sci
January 2025
US Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, Wildlife Services, National Wildlife Research Center, Florida Field Station, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Background: Behavioral mechanisms underlying avian deterrence by lasers in sweet corn are not known, and we evaluated them in a rigorous aviary experiment. Eighteen flocks of European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) foraged on sweet corn for several days in control and laser treated plots with ripe sweet corn while data were collected on where birds were distributed and how long birds foraged on corn. In 16 trials, fresh ears were presented on wooden sticks, and in two trials birds foraged on natural corn grown from seed.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVisual attention matters during word recognition: A Bayesian modeling approach.
Psychon Bull Rev
January 2025
Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000, Grenoble, France.
It is striking that visual attention, the process by which attentional resources are allocated in the visual field so as to locally enhance visual perception, is a pervasive component of models of eye movements in reading, but is seldom considered in models of isolated word recognition. We describe BRAID, a new Bayesian word-Recognition model with Attention, Interference and Dynamics. As most of its predecessors, BRAID incorporates three sensory, perceptual, and orthographic knowledge layers together with a lexical membership submodel.
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