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Mandrax use, sexual risk, and opportunities for pre-exposure prophylaxis among out-of-school adolescent girls and young women in Cape Town, South Africa.
S Afr Med J
April 2022
Substance Use, Gender, and Applied Research Program, RTI International, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA; Maternal and Child Health, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Background: In South Africa (SA), adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) aged 15 - 24 years account for nearly 25% of all new HIV infections in the country. The intersection of substance use and sexual risk continues to drive the HIV epidemic among AGYW. For example, methaqualone, also known as Mandrax, has sedative effects that may affect women's ability to negotiate condom use during sex, refuse sex without a condom, or consent to sex, thereby increasing their risk for HIV.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSubstance use and depressive and anxiety symptoms among out-of-school adolescent girls and young women in Cape Town, South Africa.
S Afr Med J
December 2020
Substance Use, Gender, and Applied Research Program, RTI International, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Background: There is a high prevalence of substance use among youth in South Africa (SA), and adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) experience high rates of depression and anxiety. Substance use behaviours and mental health are associated with other public health problems among AGYW such as HIV and unintended pregnancy. Therefore, understanding the relationship between substance use and mental health is imperative to improve AGYW's health.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA trauma-informed substance use and sexual risk reduction intervention for young South African women: a mixed-methods feasibility study.
BMJ Open
February 2019
Substance Use and Gender Research (SUGAR) Program, Research Triangle Institute (RTI) International, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
Objectives: Sexual and physical trauma and substance use are intersecting risks for HIV among young women. This study assesses the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary effects of a novel trauma-informed substance use and sexual risk reduction intervention for young South African women.
Design: A single arm feasibility test and qualitative interviews of participants.
Functional properties and mechanism of action of PPTQ, an allosteric agonist and low nanomolar positive allosteric modulator at GABA receptors.
Biochem Pharmacol
January 2018
Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen OE, Denmark. Electronic address:
The former sedative-hypnotic and recreational drug methaqualone (Quaalude) is a moderately potent, non-selective positive allosteric modulator (PAM) at GABA receptors (GABARs) (Hammer et al., 2015). In the present study, we have identified a novel methaqualone analog, 2-phenyl-3-(p-tolyl)quinazolin-4(3H)-one (PPTQ), in a screening of 67 analogs at five αβγ GABAR subtypes and delineated its functional properties and mechanism of action at wild-type and mutant GABARs expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes by two-electrode voltage clamp electrophysiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMitochondrial triglyceride transfer protein inhibition: new achievements in the treatment of dyslipidemias.
Curr Pharm Des
November 2013
Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Ioannina, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece.
Current lipid-lowering drugs are often unable to achieve low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goals. Moreover, despite LDL-C lowering mostly by statins, a considerable residual vascular risk remains. This is partly associated with atherogenic dyslipidemia where apolipoprotein (apo) B-containing lipoproteins predominate.
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