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Hypothermia and cardiac electrophysiology: a systematic review of clinical and experimental data.
Cardiovasc Res
March 2019
Institute of Cardiovascular & Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Moderate therapeutic hypothermia procedures are used in post-cardiac arrest care, while in surgical procedures, lower core temperatures are often utilized to provide cerebral protection. Involuntary reduction of core body temperature takes place in accidental hypothermia and ventricular arrhythmias are recognized as a principal cause for a high mortality rate in these patients. We assessed both clinical and experimental literature through a systematic literature search in the PubMed database, to review the effect of hypothermia on cardiac electrophysiology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRestitution slope is principally determined by steady-state action potential duration.
Cardiovasc Res
June 2017
Cardiovascular Division, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, Westminster Bridge Road, London SE1 7EH, UK.
Aims: The steepness of the action potential duration (APD) restitution curve and local tissue refractoriness are both thought to play important roles in arrhythmogenesis. Despite this, there has been little recognition of the apparent association between steady-state APD and the slope of the restitution curve. The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that restitution slope is determined by APD and to examine the relationship between restitution slope, refractoriness and susceptibility to VF.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFContributions of endothelial nitric oxide synthase, noradrenaline, and neuropeptide Y to local warming-induced cutaneous vasodilatation in men.
Microvasc Res
November 2013
Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA. Electronic address:
We performed a two-part study to determine the roles of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and the vasoconstrictor nerves neurotransmitters noradrenaline (NA) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) in the cutaneous vasodilator response to local skin warming. Forearm skin sites were instrumented with intradermal microdialysis fibres, local heaters, and laser-Doppler flow (LDF) probes. Sites were locally heated from 34 to 42°C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCatecholamines, α-, and β-adrenoceptors are not responsible for activation of duodenum motility induced by sympathetic nerve stimulation.
Bull Exp Biol Med
November 2011
Department of Physiology, N. I. Pirogov Russian State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
Stimulation of sympathetic nerve in anesthetized dogs not treated with adrenergic blockers more frequently exerted stimulating rather than inhibitory effect on duodenal motility. Blockade of α- and β-adrenoceptors with phentolamine and propranolol, respectively, did not prevent the excitatory action of the sympathetic nerve stimulation, but even potentiated this effect. The data showed that catecholamines as well as α- and β-adrenoceptors are not involved in the excitatory effect of sympathetic origin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAmiodarone supplants lidocaine in ACLS and CPR protocols.
Anesthesiol Clin
September 2011
Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia, San Raffaele Hospital, "Vita e Salute" University, Milan, Italy.
Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication used to treat and prevent certain types of serious, life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias. Amiodarone gained slow acceptance outside the specialized field of cardiac antiarrhythmic surgery because the side-effects are significant. Recent adoption of amiodarone in the ACLS (Advanced Cardiac Life Support) protocol has somewhat popularized this class of antiarrhythmics.
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