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Activin A promoted the anti-tumor effect of ActRIIA CD8 T cells in mouse hepatoma.
Cancer Med
January 2025
Department of Clinical Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, China.
Background: Activin A, a noteworthy member of the TGF-β superfamily. Activin A can regulate the biological functions of various immune cells, such as macrophages, neutrophils, NK cells, etc. The purpose of this study is to investigate the regulatory effect and related mechanisms of activin A on CD8 T cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLinsitinib inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of both IGF-1R and TSH-R expressing cells.
Front Immunol
December 2024
Molecular Thyroid Research Laboratory, Department of Medicine I, Johannes Gutenberg-University (JGU) Medical Center, Mainz, Germany.
Background: The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) and the thyrotropin receptor (TSH-R) are expressed on orbital cells and thyrocytes. These receptors are targeted in autoimmune-induced thyroid eye disease (TED). Effective therapeutic treatment of TED inhibits activation of the IGF-1R/TSH-R complex.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFExtracellular Peptide-Ligand Dimerization Actuator Receptor Design for Reversible and Spatially Dosed 3D Cell-Material Communication.
ACS Synth Biol
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, 201 Mullica Hill Rd, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States.
Transmembrane receptors that endow mammalian cells with the ability to sense and respond to biomaterial-bound ligands will prove instrumental in bridging the fields of synthetic biology and biomaterials. Materials formed with thiol-norbornene chemistry are amenable to thiol-peptide patterning, and this study reports the rational design of synthetic receptors that reversibly activate cellular responses based on peptide-ligand recognition. This transmembrane receptor platform, termed Extracellular Peptide-ligand Dimerization Actuator (EPDA), consists of stimulatory or inhibitory receptor pairs that come together upon extracellular peptide dimer binding with corresponding monobody receptors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMertk Signaling and Immune Regulation in T cells.
J Leukoc Biol
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Center for Cell Signaling, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, 205 South Orange Ave, Newark, NJ, 07103.
While widely viewed as inhibitory receptors that drive efferocytosis and immune resolution on myeloid cells, TAM family members, particularly Mertk, have emerged as promising targets in immune-oncology to help stimulate host anti-tumor immunity. A recent study shows that Mertk expressed on human T cells, including CD8+ T cells and differentiated central memory T cells, has a co-stimulatory function for the T Cell Receptor (TCR). These new findings reveal the complexity and diversification of Mertk in immune regulation and its implications to cancer therapeutics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTumor Microenvironment Drives the Cross-Talk Between Co-Stimulatory and Inhibitory Molecules in Tumor-Infiltrating Lymphocytes: Implications for Optimizing Immunotherapy Outcomes.
Int J Mol Sci
November 2024
Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
This review explores some of the complex mechanisms underlying antitumor T-cell response, with a specific focus on the balance and cross-talk between selected co-stimulatory and inhibitory pathways. The tumor microenvironment (TME) fosters both T-cell activation and exhaustion, a dual role influenced by the local presence of inhibitory immune checkpoints (ICs), which are exploited by cancer cells to evade immune surveillance. Recent advancements in IC blockade (ICB) therapies have transformed cancer treatment.
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