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Islet NO-Synthases, extracellular NO and glucose-stimulated insulin secretion: Possible impact of neuronal NO-Synthase on the pentose phosphate pathway.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Clinical Science, SUS, Division of Islet Cell Physiology, University of Lund, Malmö, Sweden.
The impact of islet neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) is less understood. We investigated this issue by performing simultaneous measurements of the activity of nNOS versus inducible NOS (iNOS) in GSIS using isolated murine islets. Additionally, the significance of extracellular NO on GSIS was studied.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn silico and in vitro evaluation of the potential genotoxic impurities of vildagliptin.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yeditepe University, 34755, Ataşehir, Istanbul, Turkey.
Establishing the safety of impurities in drug substances or products is crucial. The assessment of genotoxicity for these impurities and determining the acceptable limits pose considerable challenges, as recognized in recent guidelines. While the genotoxicity profile of vildagliptin-an oral hypoglycemic drug-is well established, there is limited knowledge about the genotoxic potential of its impurities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEmpagliflozin Mitigates PTZ-Induced Seizures in Rats: Modulating Npas4 and CREB-BDNF Signaling Pathway.
J Neuroimmune Pharmacol
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Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt.
Empagliflozin (EMPA) is one of the sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors that has been recently approved for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type II. Recently, EMPA has shown protective effects in different neurological disorders, besides its antidiabetic activity. Kindling is a relevant model to study epilepsy and neuroplasticity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Effects of GLP-1 and GLP-2 on Beta-Cell Function, Glucose Homeostasis and Appetite Regulation.
Biomolecules
November 2024
Centre for Diabetes, School of Biomedical Sciences, Ulster University, Cromore Road, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK.
Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) are related intestinal L-cell derived secretory products. GLP-1 has been extensively studied in terms of its influence on metabolism, but less attention has been devoted to GLP-2 in this regard. The current study compares the effects of these proglucagon-derived peptides on pancreatic beta-cell function, as well as on glucose tolerance and appetite.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhanced Gut-to-Liver Oral Drug Delivery via Ligand-Modified Nanoparticles by Attenuating Protein Corona Adsorption.
ACS Nano
December 2024
State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
The development of effective oral drug delivery systems for targeted gut-to-liver transport remains a significant challenge due to the multiple biological barriers including the harsh gastrointestinal tract (GIT) environment and the complex protein corona (PC) formation. In this study, we developed ligand-modified nanoparticles (NPs) that enable gut-to-liver drug delivery by crossing the GIT and attenuating PC formation. Specifically, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were functionalized with peptides targeting the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn), capitalizing on FcRn expression in the small intestine and liver for targeted drug delivery.
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