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Integer Topological Defects Reveal Antisymmetric Forces in Active Nematics.
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai 200240, China.
Article Synopsis
- Researchers categorize cell layers as either contractile or extensile active nematics, but recent experiments with neural progenitor cells and +1 topological defects challenge this classification.
- The study involves a particle-level model and a continuum theory, both of which reveal that cells accumulate at the core of +1 defects, aligning with the main experimental outcome.
- The cell accumulation is driven by two overlooked antisymmetric active forces, and the findings have implications for understanding other active nematics experiments and existing theories.
Hepatocyte Rho-associated kinase signaling is required for mice to survive experimental porphyria-associated liver injury.
Hepatol Commun
February 2025
Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Background: Rho-associated kinases 1 and 2 (ROCK1 and ROCK2) regulate critical cell functions, including actomyosin contractility, apoptosis, and proliferation. Some studies suggest that ROCK inhibition may serve as a treatment for liver fibrosis. More investigation is needed to understand the role of hepatocyte ROCK signaling in vivo, especially in the context of profibrotic liver injury.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSARS-CoV-2 S-protein expression drives syncytia formation in endothelial cells.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
SARS-CoV-2 is a viral infection, best studied in the context of epithelial cell infection. Epithelial cells, when infected with SARS-CoV-2 express the viral S-protein, which causes host cells to fuse together into large multi-nucleated cells known as syncytia. Because SARS-CoV-2 infections also frequently present with cardiovascular phenotypes, we sought to understand if S-protein expression would also result in syncytia formation in endothelial cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEight-Week Flywheel Training Enhances Jump Performance and Stretch-Shortening Cycle Function in Collegiate Basketball Players.
Eur J Sport Sci
February 2025
Graduate School of Sports and Health Studies, Hosei University, Tokyo, Japan.
The effects of flywheel (FW) training on jump performance, muscle function, and muscle mass in athletes have not been fully clarified. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an 8-week FW training program on jump performance, stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) function, muscle strength, peak power and muscle thickness in collegiate basketball players. Twenty male college basketball players (mean age: 19.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeft atrial appendage velocity, association with inflammatory indices in non-valvular atrial fibrillation patients.
Future Cardiol
January 2025
Echocardiography research Center, Rajaie cardiovascular medical and research Center, Iran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
Introduction: Decreased left atrial appendage emptying velocity (LAAV) is a marker for thrombus formation. This study evaluates the association between LAAV and inflammatory indices in non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF) patients.
Methods: The study population was 1428 patients with AF, 875 of whom enrolled.
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