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Competing mechanisms for the buckling of an epithelial monolayer identified using multicellular simulation.
Math Biosci
December 2024
School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address:
A model using the rigid body multi-cellular framework (RBMCF) is implemented to investigate the mechanisms of buckling of an epithelial monolayer. Specifically, the deformation of a monolayer of epithelial cells which are attached to a basement membrane and the surrounding stromal tissue. The epithelial monolayer , supporting basement membrane and stromal tissue are modelled using two separate vertex dynamics models (one for the epithelial monolayer layer and one for the basement membrane and stromal tissue combined) and interactions between the two are considered using the RBMCF to ensure biologically realistic interactions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSodium butyrate prevents lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation and restores the expression of tight junction protein in human epithelial Caco-2 cells.
Cell Immunol
December 2024
Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Delhi 110054, India. Electronic address:
Article Synopsis
- The high altitude environment can harm the gastrointestinal tract, causing discomfort and injury to the intestinal barrier.
- Sodium butyrate, a gut metabolite, has shown potential as a treatment that can reduce inflammation and restore the integrity of intestinal cells.
- In laboratory studies, sodium butyrate effectively lowered inflammatory markers and improved cell barrier function, suggesting it may be a key factor in managing gut health under hypoxic conditions.
In Obesity, Esophagogastric Junction Fat Impairs Esophageal Barrier Function and Dilates Intercellular Spaces via HIF-2α.
Gastroenterology
December 2024
Department of Medicine, Center for Esophageal Diseases, Baylor University Medical Center and Center for Esophageal Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute, Dallas, TX. Electronic address:
Background & Aims: Dilated intercellular space (DIS) in esophageal epithelium, a sign of impaired barrier function, is a characteristic finding of GERD that also is found in obese patients without GERD. We have explored molecular mechanisms whereby adipose tissue products might impair esophageal barrier integrity.
Methods: We established cultures of visceral fat obtained during foregut surgery from obese and non-obese patients.
Dietary Carrageenan Amplifies the Inflammatory Profile, but not Permeability, of Intestinal Epithelial Cells from Patients With Crohn's Disease.
Inflamm Bowel Dis
December 2024
Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Background: The consumption of ultra-processed foods has increased significantly worldwide and is associated with the rise in inflammatory bowel diseases. However, any causative factors and their underlying mechanisms are yet to be identified. This study aimed to further elucidate whether different types of the dietary emulsifier carrageenan (CGN) can alter the permeability and inflammatory state of the intestinal epithelium.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA mucus layer derived from porcine intestinal organoid air-liquid interface monolayer attenuates swine enteric coronavirus infection by antiviral activity of Muc2.
BMC Biol
December 2024
State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou, China.
Background: The mucus layer provides the first defense that keeps the epithelium free from microorganisms. However, the effect of the small intestinal mucus layer on pathogen invasion is still poorly understood, especially for swine enteric coronavirus. To better understand virus‒mucus layer‒intestinal epithelium interactions, here, we developed a porcine intestinal organoid mucus‒monolayer model under air‒liquid interface (ALI) conditions.
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