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Exploring policy coherence for land use transformations: The case of Scotland.
J Environ Manage
January 2025
Scotland's Rural College (SRUC), Peter Wilson Building, Kings Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JG, UK. Electronic address:
The multiple crises (climate, biodiversity, austerity) facing our socio-ecological systems require ambitious responses; with much of the responsibility for protecting public goods and developing sustainably lying with public policy. To tackle these wicked problems, there are increasing calls for policy coherence: to use the levers of government in a more holistic and systemic manner. Land use transformation is crucial to achieving these ambitions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSex differences in motivation to take sucrose following abstinence and environmental enrichment in Long-Evans rats.
Physiol Behav
January 2025
Department of Psychology, Program in Behavioral Neuroscience, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 98225-9172, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Research indicates significant sex differences in addiction behaviors, with females showing a higher motivation to consume sucrose than males.
- The study utilized a progressive ratio schedule to assess motivation for 10% sucrose after different periods of environmental enrichment, revealing that acute and chronic enrichment reduced breakpoints for males more persistently than for females.
- Both sexes exhibited increased motivation to consume after 29 days of abstinence, but environmental enrichment had a less significant impact on females compared to males, highlighting the need for gender-focused approaches in addiction research.
Direct Pathway Neurons in the Mouse Ventral Striatum Are Active During Goal-Directed Action but Not Reward Consumption During Operant Conditioning.
Biomedicines
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, Division of Molecular Therapeutics, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Background/objectives: Learning is classically modeled to consist of an acquisition period followed by a mastery period when the skill no longer requires conscious control and becomes automatic. Dopamine neurons projecting to the ventral striatum (VS) produce a teaching signal that shifts from responding to rewarding or aversive events to anticipating cues, thus facilitating learning. However, the role of the dopamine-receptive neurons in the ventral striatum, particularly in encoding decision-making processes, remains less understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEscalation of intravenous fentanyl self-administration and assessment of withdrawal behavior in male and female mice.
Psychopharmacology (Berl)
December 2024
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47904, USA.
Rationale: The rise in overdose deaths from synthetic opioids, especially fentanyl, necessitates the development of preclinical models to study fentanyl use disorder (FUD). While there has been progress with rodent models, additional translationally relevant models are needed to examine excessive fentanyl intake and withdrawal signs.
Objective: The current study aimed to develop a translationally relevant preclinical mouse model of FUD by employing chronic intravenous fentanyl self-administration (IVSA).
The effects of cannabinoid agonism on auditory discrimination.
Behav Pharmacol
December 2024
Department of Psychology, Grand Valley State University, Allendale, Michigan, USA.
Recent evidence suggests that cannabis can impair simple auditory processes, and these alterations might be due to cannabinoid agonism. The effect of cannabinoid agonism on relatively complex processes such as auditory discrimination is unknown. The goal of this study was to examine the impact of WIN 55,212-2, a CB1 receptor and CB2 receptor agonism, on auditory discrimination using a go/no-go task.
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