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The synergistic effects of citicoline and silymarin on liver injury and thyroid hormone disturbances in γ-irradiated rats.
Mol Biol Rep
January 2025
Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Background: Exposure to ionizing radiation is inevitable due to its extensive use in industrial and medical applications. The search for effective and safe natural therapeutic agents as alternatives to chemical drugs is crucial to mitigate their side effects. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of citicoline as a standalone treatment or in combination with the anti-hepatotoxic drug silymarin in protecting against liver injury caused by γ-radiation in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTriiodothyronine (T3) increases the expression of the amphiregulin (AREG) oncogene by activating extranuclear pathways in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.
Arch Endocrinol Metab
January 2025
Universidade Estadual Paulista Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu BotucatuSP Brasil Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Botucatu, SP, Brasil.
Objective: Considering that the αvβ3 integrin plays an important role in tumor metastasis, this study investigated the involvement of these pathways in mediating the triiodothyronine (T3) effects on amphiregulin () expression.
Materials And Methods: We treated MCF-7 cells with T3 (10 nM) for 1 hour in the presence or absence of inhibitors for αvβ3 integrin (RGD peptide), MAPK (PD98059), PI3K (LY294002), and protein synthesis (cycloheximide [CHX]). A control group (C) received no T3 or inhibitors.
Functions of thyroid hormone signaling in regulating melanophore, iridophore, erythrophore, and pigment pattern formation in spotted scat (Scatophagus argus).
BMC Genomics
January 2025
Guangdong Research Center On Reproductive Control and Breeding Technology of Indigenous Valuable Fish Species, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Disease Control and Healthy Culture, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
Background: Spotted scat, a marine aquaculture fish, has variable body color development stages during their ontogenesis. However, the regulatory mechanism of body color patterns formation was poorly understood. Thyroid hormones (TH) function as an important endocrine factor in regulating metamorphosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe role of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis in thyroid cancer.
Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol
January 2025
Metabolic Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:
The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis, diagnosis, risk stratification, effectiveness of radioiodine therapy, and treatment response evaluation in epithelial thyroid cancer. Supraphysiological doses of levothyroxine are used in patients with intermediate-risk and high-risk thyroid cancer to suppress thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) to prevent tumour progression. However, free thyroxine and tri-iodothyronine have also been found to promote tumour growth in thyroid cancer preclinical models.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEarly effects of LT3 + LT4 combination therapy on quality of life in hypothyroid patients: a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group comparison trial.
BMC Endocr Disord
January 2025
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of combined levothyroxine (LT4) and triiodothyronine (LT3) therapy on quality of life in patients with primary hypothyroidism.
Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, parallel-group trial, 151 Iranian patients diagnosed with primary hypothyroidism between 2020 and 2021 were enrolled. One group received LT4 alone (n = 80), while the other received LT4 and LT3 (n = 71) for a minimum of six months.
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