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Patterns and implications of spatial covariation in herbivore functions on resilience of coral reefs.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, 93106, USA.
Persistent shifts to undesired ecological states, such as shifts from coral to macroalgae, are becoming more common. This highlights the need to understand processes that can help restore affected ecosystems. Herbivory on coral reefs is widely recognized as a key interaction that can keep macroalgae from outcompeting coral.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAn Experimental Validation Test of Ecological Coexistence Theory to Forecast Extinction Under Rising Temperatures.
Ecol Lett
January 2025
Department of Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Interactions between species pose considerable challenges for forecasting the response of ecological communities to global changes. Coexistence theory could address this challenge by defining the conditions species can or cannot persist alongside competitors. However, although coexistence theory is increasingly deployed for projections, these frameworks have rarely been subjected to critical multigenerational validation tests.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCoral Community Composition Linked to Hypoxia Exposure.
Glob Chang Biol
October 2024
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Ancon, Panama.
Tropical reef ecosystems are strongly influenced by the composition of coral species, but the factors influencing coral diversity and distributions are not fully understood. Here we demonstrate that large variations in the relative abundance of three major coral species across adjacent Caribbean reef sites are strongly related to their different low O tolerances. In laboratory experiments designed to mimic reef conditions, the cumulative effect of repeated nightly low O drove coral bleaching and mortality, with limited modulation by temperature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCentrifugation is an effective and inexpensive way to determine Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis quantity in water samples with low turbidity.
Oecologia
August 2024
Department of Biology, Connecticut College, New London, CT, 06320, USA.
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) is a pathogenic chytrid fungus that is particularly lethal for amphibians. Bd can extirpate amphibian populations within a few weeks and remain in water in the absence of amphibian hosts. Most efforts to determine Bd presence and quantity in the field have focused on sampling hosts, but these data do not give us a direct reflection of the amount of Bd in the water, which are useful for parameterizing disease models, and are not effective when hosts are absent or difficult to sample.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcoustic recognition of predators by mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata): A playback experiment with naïve and experienced subjects.
Am J Biol Anthropol
November 2024
Primate Behavioral Ecology Lab, Instituto de Neuro-etología, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Mexico.
Objectives: When the production of antipredator behaviors is costly, prey is expected to stop displaying such behaviors and lose the ability to recognize extirpated predators. However, the loss or maintenance of predator recognition abilities is conditional on the eco-evolutionary context of prey. Here, we examined the behavioral responses of naïve and experienced mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata) to simulated acoustic cues from natural predators.
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