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Prevalence and determinants of tobacco use among school-going adolescents in 53 African countries: Evidence from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey.
Addict Behav Rep
June 2025
Development Gateway: an IREX Venture, Washington, DC, United States.
Introduction: Tobacco use typically begins during adolescence. There is a lack of comprehensive evidence on the use of different tobacco products among adolescents in Africa.
Aims And Methods: We used the most recent Global Youth Tobacco Surveys from 53 African countries, covering 2003-2020, to estimate the overall and gender-specific prevalence of each type of tobacco product by country, Africa region, World Bank income group, and age group among adolescents aged 11-17 years.
Improving flood-prone areas mapping using geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI): A non-parametric algorithm enhanced by math-based metaheuristic algorithms.
J Environ Manage
January 2025
Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering and Convergence Engineering for Intelligent Drone, XR Research Center, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
Flooding presents substantial dangers to human lives and infrastructure, underscoring the need to map flood-prone areas to implement effective mitigation measures precisely. Although machine learning algorithms have made great strides, their accuracy in flood susceptibility mapping (FSM) remains limited due to data dependence, interpretability, and explainability issues, overfitting, generalization difficulties, and hyperparameter tuning. This study suggests combining the Decision Tree (DT) algorithm with advanced, math-based metaheuristic optimization algorithms to address these limitations.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFViral Hepatitis B and Its Implications for Public Health in DR Congo: A Systematic Review.
Viruses
December 2024
World Health Organization (WHO) Country Office, Kinshasa 01206, Democratic Republic of the Congo.
The prevalence of hepatitis B virus infection remains high in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), constituting a public health problem in view of the fatal complications it causes, notably cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the situation of viral hepatitis B in the DRC and in particular its implications for public health. A systematic review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) group guidelines.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParasites in Sewage: Legal Requirements and Diagnostic Tools.
Pathogens
January 2025
Laboratory of Parasitology, Military Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, 01-001 Warsaw, Poland.
Despite the vast amount of water on Earth, only a small percent is suitable for consumption, and these resources are diminishing. Moreover, water resources are unevenly distributed, leading to significant disparities in access to drinking water between countries and populations. Increasing consumption and the expanding human population necessitate the development of novel wastewater treatment technologies and the use of water treatment byproducts in other areas, such as fertilisers.
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