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Pectiniferosides A-J: Diversified Glycosides of Polyhydroxy Steroids Isolated from the Sea Star .
Mar Drugs
December 2024
Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China.
To optimize the utilization of the sea star , which has demonstrated potential pharmaceutical properties in Chinese folk medicine, ten glycosides of polyhydroxy steroids, pectiniferosides A-J (-), were isolated and characterized. These compounds possess 3β, 6α, 8, 15α (or β), 16β-pentahydroxycholestane aglycones with sulfated and (or) methylated monosaccharides. The chemical structures of - were determined using NMR spectroscopy and HR-ESI-MS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPrenatal developmental toxicity evaluation of higher olefins in Sprague-Dawley rats.
Reprod Toxicol
November 2024
Division of Toxicology, Wageningen University and Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen 6708 WE, the Netherlands.
Article Synopsis
- Higher olefins (HO) are important chemicals used to make various products including plastics, lubricants, and detergents, and their developmental toxicity was studied for regulatory purposes.
- Five specific HO were tested on pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats at different doses (0, 100, 300, and 1000 mg/kg bw/day) to assess their effects from Day 3 to Day 19 of gestation.
- The studies found no significant maternal or fetal toxicity from HO, with a No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level (NOAEL) of 1000 mg/kg bw/day, indicating safety for both mother and fetus at this dose.
Chemical Warfare in the Environment-Secondary Metabolites From Starfish (Asterias amurensis) Induce Teratogenicity in Medaka Embryos (Oryzias melastigma).
Chem Biodivers
November 2024
Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai, China.
Article Synopsis
- Starfish saponins have been studied for their ability to deter predators and their cytolytic effects, suggesting these compounds play significant roles in their ecological interactions.
- Recent research focused on secondary metabolites from the starfish Asterias amurensis, hypothesizing they may harm marine fish eggs, specifically medaka, by separating and identifying two harmful oligoglycosides.
- The identified compounds showed strong lethality and caused severe developmental issues in medaka embryos, highlighting potential ecological impacts on species sharing habitats with starfish.
Effects of effluents from the Villa Victoria Reservoir (Mexico) on the development of Danio rerio at early life stages through apoptotic response and oxidative-induced state.
Sci Total Environ
December 2024
Laboratorio de Química Analítica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Paseo Colón esq. Paseo Tollocan, CP 50120 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico.
Article Synopsis
- - The Villa Victoria Reservoir (VVR) is a vital water source for over six million people in the Mexico City area, but it faces risks from population growth, climate change, overuse, and weak regulations, threatening both the ecosystem and human water supply.
- - This study assessed the presence of traditional and new pollutants at the VVR and examined their effects on Danio rerio (zebrafish) embryos, finding significant embryotoxicity and oxidative damage caused by contaminants like heavy metals and pharmaceuticals.
- - Results showed that exposure to polluted water led to impaired embryo development and increased oxidative stress, indicating a clear need for restoration efforts to protect aquatic life and public health from the harmful impacts of pollution.
Assessing the embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of various substances and processes is crucial due to their complexity and resource intensity. The chicken embryo (CE) serves an ideal model for simulating the first months of mammalian embryonic development. This makes the CE a reliable model for testing teratogenic effects, particularly in relation to the nervous system (NS), which experiences developmental abnormalities second in frequency only to cardiovascular teratogenic disorders.
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