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High dose inactivated influenza vaccine inconsistently improves heterologous antibody responses in an elderly human cohort.
J Infect Dis
January 2025
College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
Background: Older adults often mount a weak immune response to standard inactivated influenza vaccines. To induce a stronger response and better protection, a high-dose (HD) version of the inactivated Fluzone vaccine is recommended for individuals >65 years of age. While better immunogenicity and protection against the vaccine strain has been shown, it is not known if the HD vaccine also induces a robust antibody response to heterologous strains.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSingle-dose suraxavir marboxil for acute uncomplicated influenza in adults and adolescents: a multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial.
Nat Med
January 2025
National Center for Respiratory Medicine; State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity; New Cornerstone Science Laboratory; National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Capital Medical University; Institute of Respiratory Medicine of Capital Medical University; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, China.
Suraxavir marboxil (GP681) is an antiviral drug inhibiting the polymerase acidic protein (PA) of RNA polymerase, of influenza. It has shown therapeutic activity against influenza A and B virus infections in preclinical studies. In this multicenter randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial, we aimed to investigate the efficacy and safety of single-dose suraxavir marboxil (40-mg oral dose) in otherwise healthy outpatients aged 5-65 years with uncomplicated influenza unaccompanied by severe issues.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvidence of avian and human influenza A virus infection in farmed Siamese crocodiles (Crocodylus siamensis) in Thailand.
PLoS One
January 2025
Faculty of Veterinary Science, The Monitoring and Surveillance Center for Zoonotic Diseases in Wildlife and Exotic Animals, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Crocodilians are susceptible to a range of virus infection including influenza A virus (IAV). However, little is known about the ecology and epidemiology of IAV in crocodile species. This study aimed to investigate IAV infection in farmed Siamese crocodiles in central Thailand.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDelay of innate immune responses following influenza B virus infection affects the development of a robust antibody response in ferrets.
mBio
January 2025
Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Unlabelled: Due to its natural influenza susceptibility, clinical signs, transmission, and similar sialic acid residue distribution, the ferret is the primary animal model for human influenza research. Antibodies generated following infection of ferrets with human influenza viruses are used in surveillance to detect antigenic drift and cross-reactivity with vaccine viruses and circulating strains. Inoculation of ferrets, with over 1,500 human clinical influenza isolates (1998-2019) resulted in lower antibody responses (HI <1:160) to 86% (387 out of 448) influenza B viruses (IBVs) compared to 2.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMetformin in Antiviral Therapy: Evidence and Perspectives.
Viruses
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, Virology, and Immunology, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, 46001 Ternopil, Ukraine.
Metformin, a widely used antidiabetic medication, has emerged as a promising broad-spectrum antiviral agent due to its ability to modulate cellular pathways essential for viral replication. By activating AMPK, metformin depletes cellular energy reserves that viruses rely on, effectively limiting the replication of pathogens such as influenza, HIV, SARS-CoV-2, HBV, and HCV. Its role in inhibiting the mTOR pathway, crucial for viral protein synthesis and reactivation, is particularly significant in managing infections caused by HIV, CMV, and EBV.
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