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Tritium uptake in crops in the area with a high level of atmospheric tritium oxide in the territory of the former Semipalatinsk test site.
PLoS One
October 2024
Department of Radioecological and Biodosimetric Research, Brunch "Institute of Radiation Safety and Ecology" of National Nuclear Center of Republic of Kazakhstan, Kurchatov, Abay region, Kazakhstan.
During the period from 2019 to 2021, a series of experiments were carried out to study the uptake of tritium by crops in an area heavily contaminated with atmospheric tritium oxide (HTO), at the former Semipalatinsk test site in Kazakhstan. A quantitative assessment is given of the tritium uptake by typical crops (lettuce, tomatoes, peppers and beans) cultivated all over Kazakhstan in the case of a short-term tritium oxide vapor exposure. The plant samples were collected during and after exposure and analyzed for the tritium concentration in two chemical forms: tissue-free water tritium (TFWT) and organically bound tritium (OBT).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEvaluation of Deuterium Oxide Deposition Velocity over a Forest Environment.
Health Phys
March 2024
Savannah River National Laboratory, 203 Laurens St SW, Aiken, SC 29802.
Field experiments were performed to evaluate the deposition velocity of tritium oxide within a forest environment at the Savannah River Site near Aiken, SC. Field releases were designed to guide selection of deposition velocity values for use in safety-basis modeling. Six releases of deuterium oxide were conducted in 2020 and 2021 with corresponding air samples during and following each release.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUsing a coupled dispersion model to estimate depletion of a tritium oxide plume by a forest.
J Environ Radioact
September 2020
Savannah River National Laboratory, 203 Laurens St SW, Aiken, 29802, SC, USA.
Tritium processing facilities may release tritium oxide (HTO) to the atmosphere which poses potential health risks to exposed co-located workers and to offsite individuals. Most radiological consequence analyses determine HTO dose by applying Gaussian plume models to simulate the transport of HTO. Within these models, deposition velocity is used to assess the sum of all deposition processes acting on the plume.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Analysis of the Formation of γH2AX Foci in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells Exposed to H-Thymidine, Tritium Oxide, and X-Rays Irradiation.
Bull Exp Biol Med
November 2018
A. I. Burnazyan State Research Center Federal Medical Biophysical Center, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia.
We performed a comparative study of the formation of γН2АХ foci (a marker of DNA doublestrand breaks) in human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells after 24-h incubation with Н-thimidin and tritium oxide with low specific activities (50-800 MBq/liter). The dependence of the number of γH2AX foci on specific activity of 3H-thymidine was described by a linear equation y=2.21+43.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhotoredox-catalyzed deuteration and tritiation of pharmaceutical compounds.
Science
December 2017
Merck Center for Catalysis at Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA.
Deuterium- and tritium-labeled pharmaceutical compounds are pivotal diagnostic tools in drug discovery research, providing vital information about the biological fate of drugs and drug metabolites. Herein we demonstrate that a photoredox-mediated hydrogen atom transfer protocol can efficiently and selectively install deuterium (D) and tritium (T) at α-amino sp carbon-hydrogen bonds in a single step, using isotopically labeled water (DO or TO) as the source of hydrogen isotope. In this context, we also report a convenient synthesis of TO from T, providing access to high-specific-activity TO.
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