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A novel reassorted swine H3N2 influenza virus demonstrates an undetected human-to-swine spillover in Latin America and highlights zoonotic risks.
Virology
March 2025
Grupo de Investigación en Microbiología y Epidemiología, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y de Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, 111321, Colombia. Electronic address:
Influenza A virus (FLUAV) affects a wide range of hosts, including humans and animals, posing a threat to public health. In swine, H3N2 subtype is associated with human-to-swine spillovers of seasonal viruses. In Latin America, the molecular and antigenic characteristics of swine FLUAV H3N2, as well as its phylogenetic origin, are poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInfluenza 5xM2e mRNA lipid nanoparticle vaccine confers broad immunity and significantly enhances the efficacy of inactivated split vaccination when coadministered.
J Immunol
January 2025
Center for Inflammation, Immunity and Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Current influenza vaccines are not effective in conferring protection against antigenic variants and pandemics. To improve cross-protection of influenza vaccination, we developed a 5xM2e messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccine encoding the tandem repeat conserved ectodomain (M2e) of ion channel protein M2 derived from human, swine, and avian influenza A viruses. The lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated 5xM2e mRNA vaccine was immunogenic, eliciting high levels of M2e-specific IgG antibodies, IFN-γ+ T cells, T follicular helper cells, germinal center phenotypic B cells, and plasma cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEZH2 coordinates memory B-cell programming and recall responses.
J Immunol
March 2025
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, United States.
Antigen-experienced memory B-cells (MBC) are endowed with enhanced functional properties compared to naïve B cells and play an important role in the humoral response. However, the epigenetic enzymes and programs that govern their rapid differentiation are incompletely understood. Here, the role of the histone H3 lysine 27 methyltransferase EZH2 in the formation of MBC in response to an influenza infection was determined in Mus musculus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVaccine Effectiveness Dynamics against Influenza and SARS-CoV-2 in Community-tested Patients in France 2023-2024.
Emerg Microbes Infect
March 2025
Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), Centre National des virus des infections respiratoires, Institut des Agents Infectieux, Laboratoire de Virologie, Lyon, France.
Background: The epidemiology of respiratory viruses and vaccine effectiveness (VE) in the community is not well described. This study assessed VE against a positive test of influenza (VEf) and SARS-CoV-2 (VECov).
Methods: Data from two large networks of community-based laboratories in France were collected during standard of care in the 2023-2024 epidemic season (n = 511,083 RT-PCR tests).
Novel derivatives of thiohydantoin-containing tetrahydro-β-carboline possess activity against influenza virus at late stages of viral cycle without affecting viral neuraminidase.
Arch Pharm (Weinheim)
March 2025
Department of Virology, St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia.
Influenza infection represents a serious challenge for virological surveillance and healthcare systems in all countries globally. Despite obvious success in control of influenza through vaccination and antiviral drug development, this infection remains poorly controlled due to antigenic drift and fast selection of drug-resistant viral variants. The design of novel drugs with alternative targets and mechanisms of action is, therefore, an important goal for medical science worldwide.
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